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Haven’t we said there are problems with relying on markets though?



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Positive Development From Vicious Circles to V

Haven’t we said there are problems with relying on markets though?
Yes, the exceptions prove the rule. We will run out of low hanging fruit. Besides, the market is the 
mother of ‘product differentiation’, not innovation for positive systems change. The public sector 
should act to correct market failure by assessing and supporting research and development in terms 
of their 
transformative
potential. The likely financial success of private commercial ventures should 
not be the primary concern of innovation programmes. Presently, however, governments are not 
structured to provide leadership in sustainability or to foster net positive market activity. In fact, 
governments often fund private companies to do research based on its commercial potential, rather 
than the public good. The results become privatized information or ‘commercial in confidence’.
Instead of increasing competition and dissemination, then, government funding often provides private 
access to, and control of, information and innovation. When governments pick winners and losers 
through trading systems, grants or regulations, these public funds are sometimes ultimately used to 
exclude potential competitors. Where market potential is a criterion, government grants and subsidies 
often tacitly prioritize low-risk innovations that fit into existing systems, rather than transform them.
So potentially, ‘ineffective’ businesses can be set up at public expense while precluding eco-effective 
ones. For example, in Australia, targets were set in 1997 that required the sourcing of 2 per cent of 
energy from renewable sources. This provided an incentive to implement renewable energy plants 
such as wind power. But the (then) government subsequently withheld further support for renewable 
energy. One of the grounds was that the incentive was resulting in generators for wind power being 
imported from cheap overseas sources. The priority was apparently on stimulating innovation 
for the sake of innovation, with little regard for economic, social and environmental outcomes for 
Australia as a whole.


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