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What is roadmapping and how can it be used to serve sustainability goals?



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What is roadmapping and how can it be used to serve sustainability goals? 
Roadmapping does not purport to be a sustainability tool as such, but it is increasingly applied to 
sustainability issues. A roadmap enables us to select the best path from where we are 
now
to an 
intended destination. That end-point could be sustainability or other environmental objectives. It 
might, for example, be a map for implementing a technology or goal, such as a water management 
regime or water efficiency measures. Roadmapping involves deciding which routes should be taken, 
which intersections crossed, what milestones reached, and in what sequence the water regime should 
be changed. By charting a network of tasks and events to be undertaken in a logical order, we 
can avoid detours or roadblocks that might otherwise delay the completion of the journey. Thus 
roadmapping is designed to find the most cost-, impact- or time-efficient pathway to an end-point 
in a 
given
context. Suppose the goal were to get a new green product on the market quickly, for 


167
Futures Thinking Tools
example. We would map the research and development projects, tests and approvals that will be 
required along the way. Then we would estimate the time between nodes and assign probabilities 
to different pathways. To ensure little time is lost waiting for other parties to complete steps, we 
would chart the interdependencies and sequences of the tasks required. The aim is not to improve 
the political situation, but to optimize one’s position in that system by, for example, using market-
based incentives. As a form of strategic planning, then, it can help the adoption of a systems design.
However, its potential to help us expand future options is questionable.
What do roadmaps look like and how do they help us make decisions?
A roadmap could begin by identifying key action nodes. These nodes in the road network may be 
other organizations that need to take certain steps, or decisions by others that may impact on one’s 
progress towards a given goal. The roadmap provides a chart of chosen milestones and linkages 
between them, with a description of their relevant attributes and uncertainties. The assigned attributes 
can be qualitative and/or quantitative, and may include the probabilities that the events will occur.
Generally, the nodes and numbers are supplied by teams of experts, who rely to a large extent on 
subjective knowledge and experience in anticipating the future. The criteria for the nodes, links 
and destinations should therefore be explicit. This helps to plan ‘when, where and what’ to invest 
in project implementation. Critical ‘intersections’ can be identified which, to stretch the metaphor, 
may lead to:

Shortcuts (eg joining with partners) 
• 
Detours (eg avoiding competitors) 
• 
Rocky uphill stretches (eg knowing strengths and weaknesses)
• 
Key challenges along the way (eg obtaining permits or patents)
In short, roadmapping is a predictive exercise aimed at determining factors and forces that may 
influence preparatory strategies, actions and their timing. Roadmapping, then, is less a learning 
tool or design tool than a sophisticated, pictorial representation of strategic planning.
2
A distinction 
between technology and science roadmapping is sometimes made.
3
Both technology roadmapping 
and science roadmapping are goal oriented, but differ in the types of goals they aim for. 

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