Surely rating tools will gradually lead to systems design change?
Rating tools tend to reproduce the conventional design morphology. Because assessment tools
reinforce the type of buildings that the tools were based on in the first place, they favour easily
measured ‘add on’ technologies over new integrated design solutions. Yet we have seen that an entirely
different kind of urban form and infrastructure is required if buildings are to enable nature to function
and sustain and repair itself, let alone expand.
12
Most tools would have difficulty measuring Green
Scaffolding or Green Space Walls before construction, for example [Box 44]. Consequently most
designers would abandon the idea. Yet common sense, and perhaps even the laws of thermodynamics,
suggests that we cannot continue to replace ‘free’ natural systems with costly, resource-intensive
structures. Nor can we afford to rehabilitate natural or social systems after they are degraded and
desecrated. In contrast, it would not be difficult to develop planning and design tools that reward
developers for designs that add value to the public estate by, for example, creating incentives for
ecological space and infrastructure [Chapter 11].
13
Nonetheless, our tools and processes do not
encourage us to modify the basic form and design templates of cities, buildings and landscapes. Our
templates are anti-ecological. So until our rating and assessment tools change, we cannot blame
developers for using the wrong templates.
Can we really blame rating tools for perpetuating old design templates?
Yes. Computer programs will eventually be able to deal with radical changes to conventional building
forms and materials. Currently they still lack adequate data and much of this may be ‘commercial in
confidence’ [Box 23]. Measurements have therefore favoured generic industrial materials for which
data are readily available. But buildings today shape our development options tomorrow. Therefore
solutions that marginally improve upon a non-sustainable development and favour industrial materials
with high embodied waste can actually be
counter
-productive. Even if more eco-efficient than the
norm, such buildings still cut off future options, constrict future rights and fail to provide freedom
from future harm, such as climate change. Currently, as long as impacts do not exceed those of the
norm, there is no incentive to experiment, innovate or re-examine basic design concepts. A building is
seen as a winner if it is the ‘biggest loser’, even if it is detrimental to building users and whole systems
health overall. Hence, eco-logical design methods and assessment tools need to be devised that look
at value-adding to the community, bioregion and planet. They could respect and foster life, not just
resource efficiencies. Front-loading design is necessary to add ecological value. Good design can
have a much better ‘rate of return’ than counting things after the fact.
14
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |