Theoretical Grammar The subject-matter of theoretical grammar. Its relation to practical grammar

Dever-clever

neutral

Only speaking about younger people by older people

Is not used by the higher educated people

Positive connotation

Stylistically remarked

5. Dialectical synonyms. Ex.: lift – elevator, Queue – line, autumn – fall
6. Relative some authors classify group like: like – love – adore, famous- celebrated – eminentthey denote different degree of the same notion or different shades of meanings and can be substituted only in some context.


Antonymy. Words belonging to the same part of speech identical in speech expressing contrary or contradictory notion.
Комиссаров В.Н. classify them into absolute/ root (late/early)they have different roots , derivational (to please-to displease) the same root but different affixes. In most cases “-“ prefixes from antonyms an, dis, non. Sometimes they are formed by suffixes full & less. But they do not always substitute each other selfless – selfish, successful – unsuccessful .the same with “-“ prefixes to appoint – to disappoint.
The difference is not only in structure but in semantic. The DA express contradictory notions, one of then excludes the other active – inactive. The AA express contrary notion: ugly – plain – good-looking – pretty – beautiful
Antonimy is distinguished from complementarily by being based on different logical relationshipd for pairs of antonyms like good – bad, big – small. He is good (not bad). He is not good (doesn’t imply he is bad). The negation (отрицание) of one term doesn’t implies the assertion of the other.
John Lines suggests proper hot-warm – tapped – cold & complementary antonyms only 2 words negative and assertion not male - female.
There’s also one type of semantic opposition conversives words denote one reference as viewed from different points of view that of the subject & that of the object. Bye – sell, give - receive