89 |
(CdE:19-N, Bolivia:ERBOL:04/26/96)
(102)
Molina fue quien
TIRÓ
la primera
piedra, al acusar a Anaya
de haber solicitado su
dimisión…
‘Molina was the one who
CAST
the first stone, by accusing Anaya of having solicited
his resignation’
When the phrase
la primera piedra
‘the first stone’ is combined with
tirar
(102),
arrojar
and
lanzar
it means ‘to be the first to criticize or verbally assault someone’ (DDFH).
The saying originates from the Bible (DDFH).
Another noun
attracted by three verbs is
agua
‘water’ (5C). In this case,
arrojar,
echar
and
tirar
attract this noun, while
it is not attracted to
lanzar
. I described earlier how
echar
could mean something closer to pouring. And this is in fact the case with many of the
uses in the collostructional analysis data. But it can also be used, for example, for describing
a person splashing water on their face.
Lanzar,
according to the tests, repels this noun. It is
one of the few cases of repulsion.
The final noun that is attracted by multiple verbs is
mirada
‘look’ (5D). Three verbs
are used to express the concept of throwing a look. Both
lanzar
and
echar
strongly attract this
noun, while
arrojar
attracts it to a much lesser extent. This result coincides with the results
from the 400-sentence corpus.
The collostructional analysis provides a ranked-list of attracted nouns. Stefanowitsch
& Gries (2003) use their ranked lists to make generalizations about
the constructions they
study. In our case, almost each noun from the collostructional analysis indicates a different
meaning or sense. For example, if we compare
echar un vistazo
‘to take a look’ to
echar la
culpa
‘to place the blame’, we note that each combination produces
a phrase with slightly
idiosyncratic meaning, and in neither case does
echar
mean a literal throwing action. What
we say about the ranked lists in the collostructional analysis will necessarily be conditioned
by this fact. It is tentatively possible to take the level of attraction to indicate that the specific
V + N combinations are salient.
The lower the p-value, the more salient or entrenched the
combination is for that specific verb.
Table 6 shows the most attracted nouns for
arrojar
. The
highest ranked is
resultados
‘results’.
This noun participates in the
PRODUCING DATA
constructions (§4.1) where
arrojar
indicates that a
data source or event has produced a result. The
second highest is the noun
luz
‘light’ which occurs
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