śāstra
master Śrīlabdha (known as
Shengshou, “Received in Victory,” in Chinese) of yore composed the
Vi -
bhāṣā-śāstra
of the Sautrāntika school.
In a great mango grove five or six
li
to the southwest of the city there is an
old monastery where Asaṅga Bodhisattva (known as Wushuo, “No Attachment,”
in Chinese) received instructions and guided the common people. At night he
ascended to the place of Maitreya Bodhisattva in [Tuṣita] Heaven to learn the
Yogācārabhūmi-śāstra,
the
Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra-śāstra,
the
Madhyānta -
vibhāga-śāstra,
[and other texts]; in the daytime he lectured on the marvelous
principles to a large audience. More than one hundred paces to the northwest
of the mango grove is a stupa containing hair and nail relics of the Tathāgata.
The old foundations beside it mark the place where Vasu bandhu Bodhisattva
descended from Tuṣita Heaven to see Asaṅga Bodhisattva.
Asaṅga Bodhisattva, a native of the country of Gandhāra, was a man of
virtue born one thousand years after the demise of the Buddha and realized
the Way after receiving edification. He became a monk of the Mahīśāsaka
school to learn its teachings, but soon afterward he turned his mind toward
the Mahayana doctrines. His younger brother, Vasubandhu Bodhisattva,
became a monk of the Sarvāstivāda school to receive an education. He was
a man of wide learning with a retentive memory, and he possessed compre-
hensive knowledge and probed into its essence. Asaṅga’s disciple Buddhasiṃha
133
896c
The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions
(known as Shizijue, “Buddha Lion”) was a monk who observed the disci-
plinary rules immaculately and was well known for his high talents. These
two or three sagely persons often said among themselves that since the
purpose of their spiritual cultivation was to see Maitreya in person [in their
next rebirth], whoever among them died first and fulfilled his long-cherished
wish should come back to inform the others where he had been reborn.
Buddha siṃha died first but he did not come back to report his whereabouts
for three years. Later Vasubandhu passed away but he too did not report back
after six months. The heretics sneered at them, deeming that Vasubandhu
Bodhi sattva and Buddhasiṃha had been reborn in an evil state and so they
could not show any spiritual response.
Asaṅga Bodhisattva was instructing his disciples in the methods of prac-
ticing meditation one night when the lamplight suddenly faded out and a
great brightness appeared in the sky. A heavenly being descended from the
air and entered the courtyard to worship Asaṅga, who asked him, “Why do
you come so late? What is your name now?” [The heavenly being] said in
reply, “After my death here I repaired to Tuṣita Heaven, where I was born
from a lotus flower in the inner department of the heaven. When the lotus
flower opened Maitreya said to me with praise, ‘Welcome, Guanghui (“Vast
Wisdom”)! Welcome, Guanghui!’ As soon as I had just finished circumam-
bulating him once, I descended to report this to you.” Asaṅga Bodhisattva
asked, “Where is Buddhasiṃha now?” The reply was, “When I was circum-
ambulating [Maitreya] I saw Buddhasiṃha in the outer department indulging
himself in sensual pleasures, and he was so busy that he had scarcely any
time to look at me, nmuch less come down to report to you!” Asaṅga Bodhi-
sattva said, “Let it be so. Now what does Maitreya look like? What Dharma
does he preach?” The reply was, “His features are so beautiful that they are
beyond description. He preached on the wonderful Dharma, of which the
purports were the same as you have explained here. The bodhisattva has a
melodious voice, so fluent and elegant that those who hear it forget about
fatigue and his students never feel bored.”
More than forty
li
to the northwest of the old foundations of Asaṅga’s lec-
ture hall I came to an old monastery with the Ganges River at its north, where
there is a brick stupa over one hundred feet high. This was the place where
Vasubandhu Bodhisattva began to cherish a mind to accept the Mahayana
134
Fascicle V
teachings. When he was traveling here from North India Asaṅga Bodhisattva
sent a disciple to greet him at the midway point, and it was at this monastery
where they met each other. Asaṅga’s disciple stayed outside the house and
at night he recited the
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