Suyakli baliqlar sinfining umumiy tavsifi va sistematikasi. Suyak – tog‘aylilar, shu’la qanotlilar, ikki XIL nafas oluvchilar va panja qanotlilar kenja sinflari vakillarining tuzilishi, asosiy turkumlari

Mexican Tetra (Astyanaxmexicanus) Asosan kumushrangli chuqur siqilgan tanasi, to’mtoq tumshug’i va terminal og’zida katta tishlari bor baliq.
Dum suzgichi qora gorizantal chiziqlar mavjud. Undan tashqari voyaga yetganlarining dumida qizil belgi quyilgan sariq qanotlari bor. Uninguzunligi 4,75 dyumni tashkil etadi.
Characins — Family Characidae This huge family of about 800, mostly small fishes is found mainly in Central America, South America and Africa. Characins are closely related to minnows (see page 42), but unlike minnows, characins have an adipose fin (a small fleshy fin behind the dorsal fin) and teeth on the jaws. Many are brightly colored and popular aquarium fishes. Only one species is native to North America. This is the Mexican Tetra of southern Texas.
Mexican Tetra — Astyanax mexicanus Mostly silvery, deeply compressed body, blunt snout; large sharp teeth in terminal mouth; adipose fin. Black horizontal stripe on tail fin and caudal peduncle (the narrow portion of the body in front of the tail fin). Large adults have yellow fins with red markings on the tail, anal and pelvic fins. To 4.75 inches.
pwd_bk_k0700_0717.pdf
Gars- oilasi Lepisosteidae
Bu oilaning turlari asosan Shimoliy Amerikada uchraydi. Ular qadimiy suyakli baliqlardan hisoblanadi. Ularning slindr organlari qalin, olmos shaklli, silliq va yaltiroq taroz ibilan qoplangan. Ularning dumi yumaloq shaklda. Ular tez- tez kasal va o’liq baliqlar bilan ham oziqlanib turadi. Ularning Amerika Qo’shma Shatlaridan topilgan turlari ham bor.
Alligator Gar- Lepisosteus spatula
Bu tur oila ichida asosan gigant baliq hisoblanadi. Boshqa gigant turlardan farq qilib, yuqori jag’ tishlar iikki satr bo’lib joylashgan. Tanasining yuqori qismi jigarrang. Ular asosan zovur va katta daryolar, botqoqliklarda yashaydi. Qirg’oq daryoladi va Rio Drande Red daryolari oqimlarida ham uchraydi.
Longnose Gar- Lepisosteusosseus
Yuzi nisbatan tor. Tanasining yuqori qism ijigarrang, quyi qismi asosan oqish rangda. O’rtacha qanotlarining ustida qora doglari bor. Uzunligi 72 dyum. Ko’llarda, sekin oqadigan daryolarda, katta daryolarda uchraydi. (Zappler, 2007)
Gars — Family Lepisosteidae The seven living species of gars are native to North America. They are primitive fishes considered to be surviving holosteans, an ancient bony fish group (see page 29). Their cylindrical bodies are covered with thick, diamond-shaped, non-overlapping ganoid scales. Their hard, bony heads have long snouts with sharp, conspicuous teeth. They have a rounded heterocercal tail. Their large air-bladders make them buoyant despite their heavy body armor. Their airbladder also functions as a lung, especially when the waters they live in turn stagnant. Gars are mostly lie-in-wait predators, darting out after prey which they seize sideways, turn around and then swallow whole. However, they also frequently feed on sick, dying and dead fish. Gars lay their sticky eggs on aquatic plants. The developing young cling to the plant stems with an adhesive disc until ready to swim. Texas has four of the species found in the United States.
Alligator Gar — Lepisosteus spatula A giant among gars, reaching almost 10 feet. The snout is short and broad with the upper jaw shorter than the rest of the head. Unlike all the other gar species, the upper jaw has two rows of teeth. Dark olive-brown (sometimes black) above, occasionally spotted; white to yellow below. Inhabits sluggish pools and backwaters of large rivers, swamps and bayous. Range in Texas: coastal rivers and streams from the Red River to the Rio Grande.
Longnose Gar — Lepisosteusosseus Long narrow snout, twice as long as the rest of the head. Olive-brown above, white below; dark spots on the median fins. To 72 inches. Inhabits sluggish pools, back waters and oxbows of medium to large rivers and lakes. Range in Texas: most rivers.
pwd_bk_k0700_0717.pdf