Smart Border 0 Avoiding a hard border on the island of Ireland for Customs control and the free movement of persons

Table 15: (2016) Estimated movements between Australia and New Zealand

	Number^a(mns)
Australia to New Zealand^101	1.4
New Zealand to Australia^102	1.3

Notes:
a. Excludes migration

3. 
   Border Operations
   

Trade facilitation measures between Australia and New Zealand have focused on having similar standards and are based on the principle that goods sold in one country should be able to be made available in the other. The absence of tariffs also facilitates the movement of goods.

Both the above factors and the fact that a majority of trans-Tasman trade is by sea¹⁰³ means that clearance times are short. For shipments by sea, goods are usually released and cleared prior to arrival at the port of entry¹⁰⁴. In New Zealand, 47% of arriving air cargo is released prior to arrival and for Australia the equivalent figure is 41%¹⁰⁵.

Both Australia and New Zealand now have a requirement for pre-arrival and pre-departure information and are implementing national single windows. trader programs, they are also examining the introduction of deferred duty payments.

Both Australia and New Zealand have AEO programs and have signed a Mutual Recognition Agreement extending the benefits of

New Zealand and Australia have focused heavily on facilitating the movement of persons and both use facial recognition technology to facilitate immigration clearances for people with ePassports¹⁰⁶ from approved countries¹⁰⁷. In Australia, 88% of passport controls are processed within 30 minutes¹⁰⁸ and in New Zealand 95% of incoming passengers are processed within 45 minutes¹⁰⁹.

¹⁰¹ Government of New Zealand, Statistics New Zealand, International Visitor Arrivals. to New Zealand: December 2016, February 2017.
¹⁰² Government of Australia, Bureau of Statistics, Overseas Arrivals and Departures, Australia December 2016, March 2017.
¹⁰³. Australian Customs and Border Protection Service and New Zealand Customs Service, Op cit.
¹⁰⁴. Australian Customs and Border Protection Service and New Zealand Customs Service, Ibid.
¹⁰⁵. Australian Customs and Border Protection Service and New Zealand Customs Service, Ibid.
¹⁰⁶ Australian Government, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, https://www.border.gov.au/Trav, accessed 25 October 2017.
¹⁰⁷ Government of New Zealand, Immigration New Zealand, https://www.immigration.govt.nz/about-us/policy-and- law/identity-information-management/how-biometric-information-is-used, and Australian Government, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, https://www.border.gov.au/Trav, accessed 25 October 2017.
¹⁰⁸ Australian Government, Department of Immigration and Border Protection, Annual Report 2015-2016, 2016.
¹⁰⁹ .Government of New Zealand, New Zealand Customs, Annual Report 2016, 2016.

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