Smart Border 0 Avoiding a hard border on the island of Ireland for Customs control and the free movement of persons

Table 13: (2016) Exports in goods between Australia and New Zealand

	Value ^a)
Australia to New Zealand^98	5,851
New Zealand to Australia^99	5,233

Notes:
a. AUD/EUR and NZD/EUR exchange rates based on European Central Bank, Euro foreign exchange reference rates, average for 2016

Table 14: (2009) Export cargo ship arrivals Australia and New Zealand

	Number^a 100
Australia to New Zealand	1,248
New Zealand to Australia	1,508

Notes:
a. These numbers based on an extrapolation of a representative seven-day week taken in 2009 for ships involved in trans-Tasman trade

Given the distance between Australia and New Zealand, there is no commuter traffic and the movement of persons is associated with tourism and business.

⁹⁵ Australian Government, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australia-New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Agreement, http://dfat.gov.au/trade/agreements/anzcerta/Pages/australia-new-zealand-closer- economic-relations-trade-agreement.aspx, accessed 25 October 2017.
⁹⁶ Commonwealth of Australia, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australia-New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Agreement, Ibid.
⁹⁷ Parliament of Australia, Parliamentary Library, New Zealanders in Australia: a quick guide, May 2014.
⁹⁸ Australian Government, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, New Zealand Country Brief, http://dfat.gov.au/geo/new-zealand/Pages/new-zealand-country-brief.aspx, accessed 25 October 2017 ⁹⁹.Government of New Zealand, New Zealand Foreign Affairs and Trade, Australia, https://www.mfat.govt.nz/en/countries-and-regions/australia/, accessed on 25 October 2017.
¹⁰⁰ Australian Customs and Border Protection Service and New Zealand Customs Service, Trans-Tasman Time Release Study, October 2010.