Samarkand state institute of foreign languages the faculty of english philology and translation studies the chair of translation theory and practice

General requirements for the structure and design of an official document:
1) objectively stating, non-personal and / or must-prescriptive and formal-logical nature of the presentation;
2) strict adherence to the genre type of the document;
3) adequacy of style and tone, stylistic uniformity; "literacy", correctness / literacy;
4) the given form of the document and the presence of the details of the document; isolation, structuredness, rigor and completeness of the content-compositional form; predetermined and understandable "vertical structure" of the document; limited volume;
5) clarity, unambiguity, accuracy/clearness, conciseness, simplicity; availability;
6) pragmatism with a minimum of emotional and evaluative impact and logical (rational) motivation of evaluative (positive and negative) characteristics; evaluative characteristics have a "logical rational motivation";
7) limited use of paralinguistic components of speech (gestures, facial expressions, intonation, pauses), etc.
During the practical part of the study, the main types of lexical transformations used in the process of translating official documents with the participation of various FL and TL were identified, including the following translation techniques:
- translation transcription and transliteration;
- tracing and lexical-semantic substitutions (concretization, generalization, modulation).
The main types of lexico-grammatical transformations required to adequately convey the content of official documents include:
- antonymic translation;
- explication (descriptive translation);
- compensation.
The main types of grammatical transformations include:
- syntactic assimilation (literal translation);
- division of the proposal;
- consolidation of proposals;
- grammatical substitutions (forms of a word, part of speech or part of a sentence).
When creating a translation text, the author should strive to convey a certain stylistic content, while maintaining a certain tone (etiquette strategy) in the translation . In the absence of absolute matches, it is necessary to use mainly the lexical and grammatical means of the etiquette block of the Russian language (substitutions, omissions, additions, permutations).