5.3
Conferences
A form of extracurricular work that is in some sense the opposite of
mathematics Olympiads is student conferences. While in the Olympiads
the athletic-competitive element is emphasized, the aim of student
conferences is to encourage the students’ scientific work and bring
it to conclusion. Reports, which at one time were the main form of
work in mathematics circles, now reappear but in a different capacity.
Ideally, the students report about their own results.
We will not attempt to present a reliable and comprehensive
history of student conferences in mathematics here, but we can
note the important role played by the so-called Festivals of Young
Mathematicians, which were held for many years in Batumi, thanks
to the energy and initiative of a local teacher, Medea Zhgenti, with
the support of the editorial board of the magazine Kvant. During
the 1970s and the 1980s, these events were held in November, during
school vacations, and were attended by teams of students from different
cities of the Soviet Union. The program included many reports by
students which were heard by the participants and a jury, whose core
was usually composed of members of the Kvant editorial board.
With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the festivals in Batumi ended,
but other all-Russian or municipal conferences appeared (for example,
in St. Petersburg, conferences were held around a number of schools,
such as Physical Technical School #566 or the Anichkov Lyceum). At
a certain point, this format became extremely popular.
The preparation of a report requires systematic and orderly work
not only by students but also by their teachers and advisors. The stages
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of the preparatory process include the preparation of presentations for a
class or a mathematics circle based on existing publications (effectively,
the retelling of these publications), the assembly of a bibliography
on some topic, the preparation of a summary paper consisting of a
compilation of several different publications, and so on. A school —
at least a school with an advanced course in mathematics — must
work to develop in its students the corresponding skills (Karp, 1992).
Still, the preparation of a report for a prestigious conference usually
requires more than this: namely, an independent result, however minor.
This presupposes individual work with a scientific advisor, who poses a
problem and guides the student.
As already noted, the tradition of research mathematicians working
with students in Russia is very strong, and it has usually been possible to
provide for such guidance, at least in schools with an advanced course
in mathematics and for the strongest students. At a certain stage, a
paradoxical situation arose — although one that did not last long — in
which, following a sharp drop in the economic position of university
employees, certain secondary schools could to a certain degree finance
their work with schoolchildren. Against the background of standard
rhetoric about the need to modernize, involve schoolchildren in
science, and so on, the number of schoolchildren involved in writing
papers of some kind with the support of their scientific advisors
increased.
It would probably be impossible to characterize these developments
as purely positive or purely negative. If we cannot doubt the usefulness
of students doing independent work (even if they do receive some
strategic suggestions from their advisors) and generalizing various
theorems from the school curriculum or transposing them or similar
results onto some other objects, then the expediency of the early
study of various typical college-level topics may sometimes be open
to question. This touches the well-known issue of the opposition
between acceleration and enrichment, about which the least that
can be said is that acceleration must be motivated and not with-
out limits. Still, at student conferences, one could hear successful
and interesting reports on functional analysis, group theory, and
topology.
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As a whole, of course, the popularity of conferences, even at their
peak, was always noticeably lower than that of mathematics Olympiads.
There have been some attempts to combine these two forms of events.
At the conferences of the Tournament of the Towns, currently one of
the most important international competitions, participants are given
so-called research problems, i.e. problems that they have to solve over
a comparatively long period such as a week (examples of such problems
appear in Berlov et al., 1998).
This experiment, in our view, is of great importance. In general,
all of the qualifications formulated above notwithstanding, the role
of conferences in extracurricular work with students seems very
significant.
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