Підручник для студентів старших курсів

Graphs, pictures, drawings, figures and diagrams can serve as visual means of presenting scientific information, as well.
1.6. References and foot-notes in a scientific text. The volume of the scientific information conveyed can be considerably enlarged by the use of in-text references. These sometimes may occupy as much as half a page when some sources are quoted or paraphrased. In some specimens of scientific prose references are placed at the back of the book and shaped as an appendix. In that case reference numbers will be found in the body of the book.
References have a definite compositional pattern, namely, the name of the writer referred to, the title of the work quoted or simply referred to, the place and the year it is published, the name of the publishing house, the page of the excerpt referred to or quoted.
Another feature of scientific prose which makes it distinguishable from other functional styles is a frequent use of footnotes, not of a reference kind, but digressive in character. Foot-notes do not merely refer us to some author and their books, but they clarify some facts or notions dwelling upon them not within the text, as it can interrupt the smooth flow of the author’s thought, but they are usually placed at the bottom of a page.
ASSIGNMENTS FOR SELF-CONTROL
Make sure you can answer these questions.

1. 
   What morphological peculiarities of a scientific text result from general impersonality and stereotypeness of expression in it?
   
2. 
   Characterize the grammar of academic and scientific writing in terms of the categories of Tense and Mood and the non-finite forms.
   
3. 
   Comment on the peculiarities of the syntactic structure of the language of science and account for its complexity.
   
4. 
   What syntactic means contribute to the explicit character of the logical relations between words in a sentence and between clauses and sentences in a ST?
   
5. 
   What syntactic constructions serve to present scientific information in a ST in an as complete and detailed way as possible?
   
6. 
   Comment on the unusual word-order in certain emphatic construction typical of a ST.
   
7. 
   What makes any scientific text visually manageable, and what is the logical sequence of utterances ensured by?
   
8. 
   What nonverbal means of conveying information is a ST characterized by?
   
9. 
   What devices can the volume of the scientific information conveyed be enlarged by in a ST?
   
10. 
    Discuss the difference between references and footnotes of a digressive character as bearers of additional information in a ST.