Chapter 14: The Permanent International Criminal Court
381
oral evidence which could subsequently be impaired or lost.
41
In the event that a
situation is deferred to the jurisdiction of a national court, the prosecutor retains
authority to request periodical progress reports of investigations and judicial
proceedings, as well as review national investigations at any time a significant change
of circumstances has occurred, indicating a State’s unwillingness or inability to
proceed.
42
The Security Council acting under Chapter VII of the UN Charter may
also defer investigation or prosecution of a situation for a period of 12 months, which
is renewable under the same procedure.
43
Indeed, Art 16 could work against Chinese
and US desire to dominate ICC referrals,
44
as the other permanent members of the
Security Council can effectively use their veto power against such resolutions.
14.3 SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION
As already explained, the ICC enjoys subject matter jurisdiction over genocide, crimes
against humanity, war crimes and the crime of aggression. Although the inclusion
of other treaty crimes, especially drug-trafficking, terrorism and offences against
UN and associated personnel, was contemplated, both before and during the Rome
conference, they were finally excluded since it was felt that investigation of drug-
trafficking and terrorism involved sensitive and long term planning operations, best
suited for domestic authorities, while there does not yet exist an international
definition of terrorism.
45
Similarly, the Convention on the Safety of United Nations
andAssociated Personnel
46
came into force in early 1999. Therefore, in order to salvage
the Statute and avoid time consuming revisions detracting from more serious issues,
only the four aforementioned core crimes were included. There is provision in Arts
121 and 123 for a future review of the list of crimes contained in Art 5, which may
encompass possible amendment to the existing offences or the addition of new ones.
The Statute is applicable only to natural persons, and then only if they were 18
years of age at the time of the alleged offence.
47
The gravity of the four offences has
further necessitated their exclusion from any statute of limitations.
48
Let us now
examine each of the prescribed crimes in more detail.
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: