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Steel Industry : 
The Iron and Steel Industry of India registered commendable growth 
over the years. India is the fifth largest producer of iron ore in the world and 
the tenth largest producer of finished steel. Presently there are six large sized 
steel plants in India with a total capacity of more than 12 million tonnes and 


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nearly 200 mini steel plants with a capacity of about 5.5 million tonnes.
Saleable steel production is projected to touch 21 million tonnes by the year 
2000. The Indian steel industry has also achieved a good degree of 
technological self reliance. 
The Government deleted the steel industry from the list of industries 
reserved for the public sector and opened it upto private entrepreneurs with the 
new economic policy and liberalisation. The controls on prices and distribution 
of iron and steel, which were in operation since the second world war, were also 
removed. Steel import was also liberalised and customs duty on the import of 
steel was brought down drastically from 85% to 50%. 
Encouragement to set up new steel plants has also been provided, besides 
decontrol, delicensing and easing of import control. The steel producers in the 
country had to necessarily revamp their strategies in order to meet the 
competitive existence. 
Engineering Industry : 
There are four major and distinct segments in the engineering industry. 
i) 
machine building segment/heavy engineering segment 
ii) 
transport equipment and tractors 
iii) 
heavy electricals, and 
iv) machine 
tools. 
Each of these segments has registered good growth. In machine tools, 
India has become one of the top 20 producers in the world. There are 150 units 
engaged in the manufacture of machine tools at present. And similar 
development has taken place in the other segments of the engineering industry.
It not only fulfils most of the domestic needs but also makes a very sizeable 
contribution in the field of exports. 

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