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Биология ва тиббиёт муаммолари, 2018, 3,1 (103) 151
endoparasites were also collected directly from dogs and jackal by using fine forceps. A total of 216 worms from 6 stray dogs
were collected, including 7 Taenia hydatigena, 124 Dipilydium caninum, 3 Diplopylidium nolleri, 10 Mesocestoides lineatus, 42
Toxocara canis, 30 Trichocephalus vulpis; 46 worms from 5 foxes, including 3 Taenia hydatigena, 4 Toxoscaris leonine, 24
Alaria alata, 5 Uncinaria stenocephale, 6 Dipilydium caninum, 4 Mesocestoides lineatus; 5 worms from jackal including 2 Diplop-
ylidium nolleri and 3 Mesocestoides lineatus. The distribution of reservoir hosts is important aspects of understanding the epi-
demiology of the echinococcosis as well as the potential impacts of health risks. And, physical contact with wild stray dogs and
jackals or accidental contact with wild canid faeces was considered to be a risk for echinococcosis infection.
ABOUT THE POSSIBLE TRANSMISSION OF DIFFERENT PATHOGENS BY TICKS DURING BLOOD SUCKING
AND RELATIONSHIP OF BACTERIA WITH THE ORGANISM TICKS-VECTORS
Podboronov V.M.
1
, Samsonova A.P.
1,2
1
Gamaleya State Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, МOH, Moscow, Russia
2
«The First Moscow State Setchenov Medical University МOH, Moscow, Russia
Natural focal human and animal diseases occupy an important place in the regional infectious diseases of many re-
gions, including the Republic of Kazakhstan and Central Asia. Problems of natural focal diseases of people and animals in the
territories of Kazakhstan and the republics of Central Asia (Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan) in the USSR
were studied for many years. For example, in 1928 in the territory of Tajikistan the expedition of the USSR Academy of Sciences
began working under the leadership of E. N. Pavlovsky. During the years of the USSR's existence, there have been great
changes in the economic and social situation in these territories and certain successes have been achieved in the study of
various theoretical and applied aspects of natural foci. After the collapse of the USSR there are independent states in this
region. The creation of the Euro-economic Community opens up new prospects for cooperation in this area. A large group of
natural focal diseases in this region are those, whose pathogens are transmitted by arthropods, in particular, ticks
(Grokhovskaya I. M. et al., 1979; Klebanov E. A. et al., 1979; Rapoport L. P., 1964-1979; Amridinov K. N., Korenberg E. I.,
1989; Berdyev A., 1989; Burenkova L. A., 1989; Genis D. E., 1989). In our experiments (V. M. Podboronov, A. A. Pchelkina,
1989) the possibility of transmission of Rickettsia sibirica from Rickettsia-infected ticks Ornitodoros papillipes (adult individuals,
larvae and nymphs) to white mice was shown. It was found that mice react with a specific immune response to the sucking of
infected ticks on them, and antibody titers are directly proportional to the infecting doses of rickettsias. At the same time, specific
antibodies were not detected in the control group mice, on which uninfected ticks fed. Although tickss as carriers and reservoirs
of pathogens of various infections are of great epidemiological importance, especially in the spread of natural focal diseases
(tick-borne encephalitis, tick-borne borreliosis, erlihiosis), there are a number of works on the natural contamination of ticks by
other microorganisms. In the experiments of a number of authors, including ours (V.M. Podboronov et al., 1993, 2004, 2016,
2017), on the one hand, the ability of ticks to perceive and preserve Salmonella and Listeria, as well as to infect susceptible
animals and transmit bacteria during metamorphosis and on the other - the ability of Salmonella to cause pathological changes
in the organs of ticks-carriers (research methods described in detail earlier, for example, Podboronov VM, Samsonov AP, 2015-
2018 gg.). Some differences in the indicators characterizing the relationship between argasic (Ornitodoros moubata) and ixodic
(Hyalomma asiaticum) ticks and Listeria monocytogenes (strain 9-127) were revealed. Probably, these differences depend
mainly on their ecological features: O. moubata feed on a small number of animal species, while H. asiaticum affects a wider
range of animals (large and small cattle, small mammals of various species). This data may indicate about a very significant
role of ticks in the transmission of pathogens of salmonellosis and listeriosis and in maintaining foci of infections. The mecha-
nisms of the relationship between ticks and pathogens require further study with the involvement of modern research methods
both in the experiment and in the conditions of natural foci.
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