Kilicheva Mehriniso Rajabovna Ataboyev Nozimjon Bobojon o’g’li

 
 

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5 
THEME 1. WHAT IS GRAMMAR? 
Plan: 
1.
 
What is grammar? 
2.
 
The correlation between grammar and meaning 
3.
 
Grammar and function 
Grammar is the system of a language. Grammar is sometimes 
referred to be a language's "rules," but no language has rules. When 
we say "rules," we mean that someone made the rules first and then 
spoke the language, as if it were a new game. Languages, on the other 
hand, did not begin in this manner. People first made sounds, which 
then evolved into words, phrases, and sentences. There is no such 
thing as a universal language. Every language evolves throughout 
time. What we refer to as "grammar" is merely a reflection of a 
language at a specific point in time. As a result, grammar is the mental 
system of rules and categories that enables humans to generate and 
interpret their language's words and sentences. Grammar adds 
meanings that aren't immediately apparent from the context. Grammar 
primarily 
realizes 
the 
following 
types 
of 
meanings:
• representational
- that is, grammar enables us to use language to 
describe the world in terms of how, when and where things happen. 
e.g. The sun set at 7.30. The children are playing in the garden.
• interpersonal
- that is, grammar facilitates the way we interact with 
other people when, for example, we need to get things done using 
language. 
e.g. There is a difference between: Tickets! Tickets, please. Can 
you show me your tickets? May see your tickets? Would you mind if I 
had a look at your tickets.
Grammar is a subject in the language arts that teachers and 
students alike find challenging to teach and learn. The Form-Function 
Method for teaching grammar, on the other hand, simplifies the 
subject by dividing it into its two most fundamental linguistic 
elements: grammatical form and grammatical function. The Form-
Function Method can be used to examine any language's grammar. 
The Form-Function Method for teaching grammar is based on 
four principal tenets: 
Languages contain a finite number of grammatical forms. 

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6 
Languages contain a finite number of grammatical functions. 
Grammatical forms perform one or more grammatical functions. 
Grammatical functions can be performed by one or more grammatical 
forms. 
Begin using the Form-Function Method to study grammar by 
learning the four tenets of the method. Subsequent grammar lessons 
will elaborate on each tenet. 
Define and describe grammatical form after discussing the 
philosophy underlying the Form-Function Method for teaching 
grammar. There are a limited number of language-specific 
grammatical forms in all languages. "What a word, phrase, or clause 
looks like" is how grammatical form is defined. Grammatical 
formations are referred to as "parts of speech" in traditional grammars. 
The term dog, for example, is a noun, while the phrase bite is a verb, 
and the word little is an adjective. 
The internal structure of words, sentences, and clauses is also 
considered grammatical form. The potential inflections of words, as 
well as the syntax of phrases and clauses, can be defined as internal 
structure. Prototypical nouns, for example, can be expressed as single 
(dog) or plural (dogs), as well as possessive (dog's and dogs'). An 
adjective (small), an adjective and an adverb phrase (very small), or 
an adjective plus a prepositional phrase are all examples of 
prototypical adjective phrases (small at the waist).