Alisher navoi tashkent state university of uzbek language and literature department: english language

CHAPTER 2 TYPES OF SIMULTANEOUS TRANSLATION 
2.1 Self-simultaneous translation
The purpose of this section is to consider the types of simultaneous 
translation, identify their features and determine their place in the ST 
system. 
There are the following types of ST: actual simultaneous translation, 
whispering, sight translation, simultaneous reading of previously 
translated text, video text synchronization, and a new hybrid type of 
translation - simultaneous-sequential. 
As mentioned above, simultaneous translation is a kind of oral 
translation, the distinguishing feature of which is the simultaneity of the 
speaker's speech and the simultaneous translation of his speech. This type 
of joint venture is sometimes called proper synchronous. It is carried out 
at massive international events with a large number of foreign guests. As 
a rule, these are long events, the duration of which would be doubled with 
the use of consecutive translation. A prerequisite is the availability of 
special equipment - a booth with headphones and a microphone for the 
interpreter, headphones and language switching channels for the 
recipients of the translation - which ensures good sound quality for all 
listeners. 
“The main feature of simultaneous translation is the parallel 
perception of the speaker’s speech and the generation of speech in the 
target language”. This is achieved due to the slight lag of the interpreter 
from the speaker. According to the results of numerous observations, it 
fluctuates between 2–10 seconds. ST also differs in other features: an 
increased speed of speech message conversion, dependence of the rate of 
translation on the rate of the speaker's speech, synchronization of different 
types of activities - listening and speaking. 
Not everyone is capable of ST. It is argued that this type of 
translation is associated with strong mental stress, because a normal 
person cannot listen and speak at the same time - this is a 
psychophysiological anomaly. Requires endurance, speed of reaction, the 
proper level of speech control. Intercultural competence, a broad outlook, 

---

and specialization in several areas are also necessary in order to quickly 
establish logical connections and skillfully operate with terms. G. E. 
Miram emphasizes that “a good simultaneous interpreter is created by 
practice and experience superimposed on innate qualities” [Miram, 1999, 
p. 90]. 
2.2 whispering 
A kind of simultaneous translation, when the interpreter sits not in 
the booth, but in the hall among the listeners, most often directly near the 
recipient, and in an undertone tells the recipient the text of the translation 
into the microphone or directly, is called whispering or whispering. 
Whispering is used when translation is required for one person, or a very 
small group of people. The translator needs to control the volume of his 
own voice so as not to disturb those present in the hall, and, at the same 
time, to be heard by the recipients of the translation. This happens, for 
example, at mass events where several foreign guests come and they 
themselves hire an interpreter, or in bilingual negotiations, when 
consecutive interpreting is used for communication between 
representatives of different parties, and the communication of 
representatives of one side is translated to foreign participants in a 
whisper, in order to they were up to date and not wasting time translating 
a monolingual discussion.