Convenience

t
intuition and, 113
management process and, 7
f
nature of, 100–103
political forces in, 112–113
rational perspectives on, 104–111, 106
t
risk propensity and, 115
decision-making process, 100
decision-making skills
building effective, 26–27, 91, 216, 252–253,
318–319
defined, 9
decision-making styles, 342–343
decisions, types of, 101
decision support systems (DSSs), 372–373
delegation, 167
Delphi group, 116–117
departmentalization, 164–166
customer, 166
defined, 164
functional, 165–166
location, 166
product, 166
development, in HRM, 235
development-driven decision tree, 342
f
Subject Index
511
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diagnostic activities, 208
diagnostic skills
building effective, 153, 185, 216–217,
352–353, 484–485
defined, 9
differentiation, 176
differentiation strategy, 74
digital communication, 371–375
direct investment
advantages/disadvantages of, 52
t
defined, 53
directive leader behavior, 339
distinctive competence, 71, 73
entrepreneurial organizations and, 139, 141
distinctiveness, 273
divergent thinking, 280
diversification, 77
diversity, 22
as competitive advantage, 244
as conflict source, 244–245
defined, 244
impact of, 244–245
individual management strategies for, 245
management of, 244–246
meaning of, 244
organization management strategies for,
245–246
diversity and multicultural training, 245–246
divisional (M-form) design, 179, 179
f
downward communication, 370
dysfunctional behaviors, 283–284
E
e-commerce, emergence of, 149–150
economic community, 55
economic dimension, 37
economies of scale, small business, 138
f
education, change and, 200
effective, 4
effective communication, 364
effective control, 444–446
accuracy and, 445–446
flexibility and, 444–445
integration planning and, 444
objectivity and, 446
overcoming resistance to, 447–448
resistance to, 446–447
timeliness and, 446
effective listening skills, 382
f
effective strategies, 71
efficient, 4
effort-to-performance expectancy, 300
electronic commerce, emergence of, 149–150
electronic coordination, 172
eliminating conflict, 414
emotional intelligence (EQ), 268
empathy, 268
employee-centered leader behavior, 332
employee information system, 232
employee involvement, total quality
management (TQM) and, 475
f
, 476
employee motivation.
See
motivation
Employee Retirement Income Security Act of
1974 (ERISA), 227
t
, 229
employees, 42
employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs), 314
employee unions, 246–248, 247
f
empowerment, 307
enterprise resource planning (ERP), 203, 232
entrepreneur, 129
entrepreneurial organizations
business plan and, 141
distinctive competencies and, 139, 141
financing and, 143–145
franchising and, 147–148
industry choice for, 133–138, 134
f
management advice sources for, 145–147
performance of, 148–152
starting business and, 142–143
strategy for, 133–142
structure of, 142–148
entrepreneurship.