Convenience

See also
entrepreneurial
organizations
big business and, 133
defined, 129
importance of, 130–131, 130
f
innovation and, 132–133
international management and, 141–142
job creation and, 131, 132
f
nature of, 129
role of, in society, 129–133, 132
f
entropy, 20
environmental change, adapting to, 427, 427
f
Equal Employment Opportunity, 227
t
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,
228
Equal Pay Act of 1963, 227
t
, 228, 229
equity theory, 302
ERP (enterprise resource planning), 203
error accumulation, limiting, 427–428, 427
f
escalation of commitment, 113–115
established market, 139
esteem needs, 296
f
, 297
ethical behavior
defined, 43
managing, 44–45
ethical compliance, 48–49
ethical leadership, 45–46, 348
ethics
defined, 43
information technology and, 46
European Union (EU), 55
evidence-based management, 110–111
executive compensation, 314–316
criticisms of, 315–316
standard forms of, 314
stock option plan as, 314–315
Executive Order 11246, 227
t
executive support system (ESS), 373
expectancy theory, 299–301, 300
f
defined, 299
effort-to-performance, 300
model, 300
f
outcomes, 300–301
performance-to-outcome, 300
Porter-Lawler extension of, 301, 301
f
valence, 300–301
expert power, 331
exporting
advantages/disadvantages of, 52
t
defined, 52
export restraint agreements, 54
external audits, 440–441
external environment, 37
external forces, for organization change,
194–195
external recruiting, 233
extinction, 306
extranets, 374
extraversion, 266
extraversion
versus
introversion, 266
extraverts, 266
F
facilitation, change and, 200–201
facilities, 462–465
defined, 462
layout of, 463, 463
f
, 465
location of, 462
Fair Labor Standards Act, 227
t
, 228, 229
Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993, 227
t
,
229
favorableness, leader style and, 337, 338
f
feedback, 466
financial budget, 437, 438
t
financial control, 436–441
budgets and, 436–440, 438
t
, 439
f
defined, 430, 436
tools for, 440–441
financial statement, 440
financing new business, 143–145
finished goods inventory, 472, 472
t
first-mover advantage, 141
fixed-interval schedule, 306
fixed-position layout, 463
f
, 465
fixed-ratio schedule, 306
flexibility, leader style and, 338
flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs), 468
flexible-work schedules, 309
focus strategy, 75
force-field analysis, change and, 201, 201
f
forming stage of development, 400, 401
f
franchisee, 147
franchiser, 147
franchising, 147–148
franchising agreements, 147
From Difficult to Disturbed: Understanding and
Managing Dysfunctional Employees
(Miller), 278
functional departmentalization, 165–166
functional (U-form) design, 177–178, 177
f
functional group, 394, 395
f
G
gainsharing programs, 313
gate-hires, 233
GE Business Screen, 82–83, 82
f
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS),
273–274, 274
f
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
(GATT), 56
General and Industrial Management
(Fayol), 13
512
Subject Index
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general environment
defined, 37
economic dimension of, 37
organization’s, 37–39
political-legal dimension of, 38–39
technological dimension of, 37–38
goal acceptance, 304
goal commitment, 304
goal difficulty, 303
goal-setting theory of motivation, 302–304,
303