Fundamentals of Management, 8th ed


Intrapreneurship in Larger Organizations



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Intrapreneurship in Larger Organizations

In recent years, many large businesses

have realized that the entrepreneurial spirit that propelled their growth becomes stagnant

after they transform themselves from a small but growing concern into a larger one.

33

To

help revitalize this spirit, some firms today encourage intrapreneurship.



Intrapreneurs

are similar to entrepreneurs except that they develop a new business in the context of a



intrapreneurs

Similar to

entrepreneurs

except that they

develop new

businesses in the

context of a large

organization



Chapter 7: Organization Change and Innovation

2 1 3

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large organization. There are three intrapreneurial roles in large organizations.

34

To



successfully use intrapreneurship to encourage creativity and innovation, the organiza-

tion must find one or more individuals to perform these roles.

The inventor is the person who actually conceives of and develops the new idea,

product, or service by means of the creative process. Because the inventor may lack the

expertise or motivation to oversee the transformation of the product or service from

an idea into a marketable entity, however, a second role comes into play. A product



champion is usually a middle manager who learns about the project and becomes com-

mitted to it. He helps overcome organizational resistance and convinces others to take

the innovation seriously. The product champion may have only limited understanding

of the technological aspects of the innovation. Nevertheless, product champions are

skilled at knowing how the organization works, whose support is needed to push the

project forward, and where to go to secure the resources necessary for successful devel-

opment. A sponsor is a top-level manager who approves of and supports a project. This

person may fight for the budget needed to develop an idea, overcome arguments

against a project, and use organizational politics to ensure the project’s survival. With

a sponsor in place, the inventor’s idea has a much better chance of being successfully

developed.

Several firms have embraced intrapreneurship as a way to encourage creativity and

innovation. Colgate-Palmolive has created a separate unit, Colgate Venture Company,

staffed with intrapreneurs who develop new products. General Foods developed

Culinova as a unit to which employees can take their ideas for possible development.

S.C. Johnson & Son established a $250,000 fund to support new-product ideas, and

Texas Instruments refuses to approve an innovative project unless it has an acknowledged

inventor, champion, and sponsor.

B

ernhard


C

lassen/Alam

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Amazon.com is known for its innovative business practices. The firm’s culture helps promote



individual creativity, risk taking, and inventiveness. This Amazon.com distribution center, for

example, was developed using new methods devised by Amazon employees.




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