The innovative methods in teaching foreign languages: the role of skill and translation in teaching namangan, uzbekistan

zan al-asrār’ into English verse 
1. Ḥaydar Ḫ
v
ārizmī 
Not much is known about Ḥaydar Ḫ
v
ārizmī’s life. Though most near 
contemporary literary historical sources mention his name or quote at least a few 
lines composed by him, the information they provide is meagre.
1
What seems to be 
certain is that Ḥaydar Ḫ
v
ārizmī was a native of Khwarizm, modern-day Uzbekistan 
and lived sometime at the turn of the 14
th
and 15
th
centuries. He dedicated the 
‘Ma
ḫ
zan al-asrār’ to Iskandar Sulṭān, the ruler of Shiraz and its surroundings thus he 
1
For the data provided by near contemporary sources see Devin DeWeese, ‘The Predecessors of Navā’ī in the Funūn 
al-Balāghah of Shaykh Ahmad b. Khudaydad Tarazi: A Neglected Source on Central Asian Literary Culture from the 
Fifteenth Century,’ Journal of Turkish Studies 29 (2005), 123–128; Daulatšāh Samarqandī, Ta
ẕkirat aš-Šuʿarā, ed. 
Muḥammad Ramażānī (Tehran: Ḫāvar 1366/1987), 280; Alî-Şîr Nevayî, Mecâlisü’n-Nefâyis, ed. Kemal Eraslan 
(Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 2001), 193; ʿAlī Şīr Nevāyī, Mu
ḥākemetü’l-Luġateyn, ed. F. Sema Barutçu Özönder 
(Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1996), 188; Zahiriddin Muhammad Bobir, Muhtasar, ed. Saidbek Hasan (Tashkent: Fan, 
1971), 135, 194; Faḫrī Haravī, Taẕkira-yi Raużat al-salāṭīn, ed. ʿAbd a-Rasūl Ḫayyāmpūr (Tabriz: Dānišgāh-i Tabrīz, 
1966), 31. 

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9
could have lived in that city. As he is mentioned by near contemporary sources as a 
panegyrist (mādi
ḥ
) of the ruler he could have stayed at the prince’s court. Though in 
some scholarly publications he is mentioned as Ḥaydar Tilbe (‘Ḥaydar the Madman’) 
this is clearly a misunderstanding.
2
His oeuvre includes the Ma
ḫ
zan al-asrār and according to some of our sources 
a narrative poem titled Gul u Navruz, which is usually attributed to Mavlānā Luṭfī.
3
To the list of the two narrative poems a panegyric poem can be added. The 30 
couplets long qasida written in the Uyghur script was preserved in an anthology of 
Persian poetry copied around the middle of the 15
th
century.
4
2. Haydar Ḫ