Cambridge Grammar of English Hardback with cd-rom a comprehensive Guide

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Cambridge grammar of English

Class

Word class

Û

Class

Û

541 Index for individual terms not in the Glossary

Glossary | 929

Word formation Refers to the process of the creation of words and new forms of

existing words. There are three main types of word formation:

● derivation: forming words by adding prefixes and suffixes

● compounding: combining words to form units of meaning

(car + park = car park, down + load = download)

● conversion (a text ➛ to text: noun ➛ verb)

Other minor word formation processes include:

● acronym: use of initial letters of a set of words pronounced as a word

(AIDS – acquired immune deficiency syndrome)

● blending: combining parts of existing words to form a new word

(smoke + fog = smog; breakfast + lunch = brunch)

● clipping: reducing the number of syllables from a word

(ad – advertisement, lab – laboratory)

Word order The sequential arrangement of words in a sentence, for example,

subject – verb – object word order in declarative clauses:

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