Non-bank financial institutions: assessment of their impact on the stability of the financial system



Download 2,84 Mb.
Pdf ko'rish
bet96/214
Sana06.06.2022
Hajmi2,84 Mb.
#640613
1   ...   92   93   94   95   96   97   98   99   ...   214
Bog'liq
ecp472 en

 
 
 
 
87 
 
But, it is difficult to know what size of shock hedge funds should be resilient to and in-fact, what 
the effect of shocks would be on hedge fund liquidity because this is also related to how markets 
for short-term funding respond to shocks. 
In any case, empirically, several observations regarding the pattern of leverage of hedge funds 
have been made (FSA, 2010). Firstly, borrowing is financed through multiple channels including 
through collateralised loans under prime brokerage agreements, repo agreements or synthetic 
instruments such as swaps and contracts for difference.
Secondly, leverage varies by hedge fund strategies. Fixed income arbitrage, involving the 
exploitation of small price inefficiencies, are substantially more leveraged than other hedge fund 
strategies. This is to be expected in the sense that hedge fund managers expect trades made on 
this basis to be profitable with relative certainty and are therefore willing to take large, leveraged 
positions to maximise returns. A survey of large, FSA-authorised banks that have significant 
dealings with hedge funds through prime brokerage/trading counterparty relationships showed 
that hedge funds employing fixed income arbitrage strategies were borrowing up to 14 times the 
value of net equity in April 2010, while borrowing of hedge funds employing other strategies was 
in the region of two-to-four times the value of net equity. 
Highly levered funds could pose risks to financial stability if risks are not properly accounted for. 
For instance, tail risk, associated with times of market stress, may imply that a fixed income pricing 
inefficiency rather than narrowing may unexpectedly widen. Among other things, a highly 
leveraged fixed income arbitrage fund would therefore be faced with substantial liquidity risk. 
However, in order to insure against this, these funds also had the largest levels of unencumbered 
cash assets for liquidity management purposes, in the order of 85% of net asset values.

Download 2,84 Mb.

Do'stlaringiz bilan baham:
1   ...   92   93   94   95   96   97   98   99   ...   214




Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©hozir.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling

kiriting | ro'yxatdan o'tish
    Bosh sahifa
юртда тантана
Боғда битган
Бугун юртда
Эшитганлар жилманглар
Эшитмадим деманглар
битган бодомлар
Yangiariq tumani
qitish marakazi
Raqamli texnologiyalar
ilishida muhokamadan
tasdiqqa tavsiya
tavsiya etilgan
iqtisodiyot kafedrasi
steiermarkischen landesregierung
asarlaringizni yuboring
o'zingizning asarlaringizni
Iltimos faqat
faqat o'zingizning
steierm rkischen
landesregierung fachabteilung
rkischen landesregierung
hamshira loyihasi
loyihasi mavsum
faolyatining oqibatlari
asosiy adabiyotlar
fakulteti ahborot
ahborot havfsizligi
havfsizligi kafedrasi
fanidan bo’yicha
fakulteti iqtisodiyot
boshqaruv fakulteti
chiqarishda boshqaruv
ishlab chiqarishda
iqtisodiyot fakultet
multiservis tarmoqlari
fanidan asosiy
Uzbek fanidan
mavzulari potok
asosidagi multiservis
'aliyyil a'ziym
billahil 'aliyyil
illaa billahil
quvvata illaa
falah' deganida
Kompyuter savodxonligi
bo’yicha mustaqil
'alal falah'
Hayya 'alal
'alas soloh
Hayya 'alas
mavsum boyicha


yuklab olish