Международный научно-образовательный электронный журнал

Литература
: 
1. Белов Е. Б., Лось В. П. Основы информационной безопасности. М. : Горячая 
линия : Телеком, 2006. 
2. Мельников В. П., Клейменов С. А., Петраков А. М. Информационная 
безопасность и защита информации. 3-е изд. М. : Академия, 2008. 
3. Доктрина информационной безопасности Российской Федерации (утв. 
Президентом РФ 09.09.2000 № Пр-1895) [Электронный ресурс]. URL: 
http://www.consultant.ru/document/ cons_doc_LAW_28679/ (дата обращения: 
20.03.2016). 

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ФИО авторов:
 Fayzieva Shoira 
Senior Lecturer, Department of Psychology, Gulistan State University 
Nazarbekova Xilola 
Student of pedagogy and psychology 
Gulistan State University

Название публикации:
«SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS 
STUDENT AGE» 
Annotation:
Student age is an important stage in the formation of personality, 
professional self-determination. This article describes the main socio-psychological 
characteristics of students, which must be taken into account when organizing the work 
of higher education teachers, which will undoubtedly increase the level of self-
education and self-actualization of future specialists. It is also important to take into 
account the peculiarities of students' communication that influence the formation of 
communicative competencies. 
Keywords: 
students, student age, professional activity, psychological readiness, 
identity crisis, communication, communicative competence. 
Considering age-related psychological periodization, one can see that the age of 
17 is the beginning of adolescence, or youth, which usually coincides with admission 
to a higher educational institution. Becoming a student, a person actively acquires 
knowledge, practical professional skills, which requires the implementation of the 
internal psychological resources of the individual. Professional self-determination is a 
dynamic process. A student who has chosen one direction of development can be 
realized in others. In adolescence, a social position is projected and the prospect of 
communication with society is drawn. 
This age is considered “the most decisive”, since it is this period, determining 
the future of a person, that is the time of very active, intensive work on oneself. By 
definition, I.A. Winter, students include people purposefully, systematically mastering 
knowledge and professional skills, distinguished by the highest educational level, the 
most active consumption of culture and a high level of cognitive motivation. B.G. 

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Ananiev believes that the period of life from 17 to 25 years is important as the final 
stage of personality formation and as the main stage of professionalization. “Before 
entering the time of maturity, into the arena of independent struggle for existence, 
independent work,” writes V.V. Zenkovsky, we are experiencing adolescence, during 
which we, having already known reality, already knowing ourselves, having already 
mastered the basic material of social tradition, as if at the “main rehearsal”, sum up the 
preparatory work. In the studies of M.I. Dyachenko, L.A. Kandybovich, S.L. 
Kandybovich notes that the student period is a period of professional development. The 
process of vocational training begins with psychological readiness: the formation of 
attitudes, personality traits necessary for the coordinated assimilation of educational 
and educational norms. 
Student age is a crisis period in a person's life, a period of meeting with 
adulthood. The emergence of difficulties in a given period of human life is primarily 
due to a disagreement: with full physiological maturation, social realization in 
professional activity is impossible, since study takes up most of the student's time and 
thereby inhibits the possibility of self-actualization to the fullest extent. 
If we analyze the social situation in the development of a student's personality, 
we see that at a student's age, an internal position is updated with an orientation towards 
achieving a global goal - a life strategy, and plans are made to achieve it. The 
complexity of choice in self-determination is also fueled by the fact that an 
authoritative adult environment doubts the correctness of their recommendations. That 
is, there is a moment of independent decision-making and responsibility for them by a 
young person, which expresses the task of becoming a personality as a subject of self-
development. L.S. Vygotsky considered life plans as an indicator of a person's mastery 
of his inner world and as a system of adaptation to reality, linking them with "target" 
regulation of a fundamentally new type. At a certain period of life, the need for work 
(the desire to be financially independent from parents) becomes a basic vital need. For 
another age group, labor can act as a means of satisfying the individual's need for social 
recognition, prestige, a way of self-expression, and achieving social recognition of her 

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individuality. This model includes the cultural aspects of society and is focused on the 
timeliness, sensitivity of social success. 
During their student years, young people often acquire another social status: 
spouses. Marriage has an impact on the course of mental development and is associated 
with professional development. A happy marriage gives strength and confidence, 
responsibility for another person appears, an emotional attitude to the world around 
becomes positively colored. It should be noted that women and men who are married, 
due to different workloads with household chores, may develop their professional 
development in different ways. Excessive physical overload of the wife can lead to a 
psychological breakdown, lead to family conflict or even family breakdown. During 
this period, help is needed from the spouse in the distribution of household chores. The 
appearance of a child in a young family is an important component in understanding 
the significance of oneself, one's place in society, the continuity of generations, and a 
spiritual unity of a young couple arises. According to T.M. Afanasyeva, a joint child 
immediately makes all these people family, and the newlyweds - not just a married 
couple, but truly relatives. Thus, the child gives his parents and parents of parents a 
sense of community concerns, desires, interests. 
The period of adolescence is a period of intercomponent development in both 
physiological and psycho-emotional development. The leading activity in adolescence 
is educational and professional activities. Psychological readiness for professional self-
determination is manifested: 
1) in the formation of cognitive mental processes; 
2) the development of the structure of the orientation of the personality, motives, 
beliefs, ideals; 
3) awareness of one's abilities, inclinations, interests that ensure the formation 
of individuality; 
4) critical attitude to their activities, reflection. 
During the student years, psychological processes proceed most intensively and 
open up many opportunities for overcoming difficulties, the final stage of the formation 

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of one's own inner world takes place, a qualitative leap of a unique individuality, a 
special personality, and the style of activity is determined. 
Communication with peers continues to play a crucial role in a student's life. The 
need to communicate with peers is increasing and covers various social spaces: public 
places, cafes, theaters. Student age is the most favorable time to find a friend with 
similar interests. And often it is student friendship that develops into a stable and 
trusting relationship. In such a friend, sincerity, understanding, emotional acceptance 
are valued first of all. However, in student friendships, difficulties may arise due to 
increased demands and self-centeredness. Refusal to communicate with peers results 
in communicative solitude, and communication takes place exclusively with one's ideal 
self, expressed in dreams and daydreams. Communication at this age can both expand 
and be in a state of "waiting", readiness to enter into communicative contact, but with 
a high degree of selectivity. New acquaintances help the student to express themselves 
and gain new experience by trying on a new social role. But the desire to be part of a 
group of peers often exceeds the desire to gain individuality, so student groups have 
conformity in behavior and communication and are often aimed at achieving 
independence from elders. 
The intensity of communication with elders is uneven and spasmodic. Students 
do not lose touch with the older generation, but less and less often turn to them for 
advice. The necessary conditions for effective interaction with parents are mutual 
understanding and mutual support. During this age period, separation from parents 
occurs. 
In the context of the democratization of society, and in particular such a social 
institution as higher education, the most appropriate is the subject-subject interaction 
in the teacher-student system. Given the individual and personal qualities of students, 
it is possible to achieve high rates in self-realization and self-improvement of future 
professionals. The teacher in the system of student-centered learning becomes not only 
a practitioner, but also a theorist of the student's educational and cognitive activity. The 
current trend in improving the quality of education in higher education is to take into 
account motivational factors in the student environment. The task of forming 

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communicative competencies can be realized through the introduction of programs to 
improve the communicative competencies of students, conducting training events, 
extracurricular activities, introducing active forms of learning, such as discussions, 
brainstorming, group forms of work in the classroom, tasks that have a search and 
creative nature, as well as competitiveness. The basis of the fruitful work of a specialist 
in any professional activity is the semantic fullness of communication, the absence of 
aggression in interaction, the goodwill of interpersonal contacts. 
The correct organization of the educational process at the university, taking into 
account the socio-psychological characteristics of student age, will allow the formation 
of communicative competence.