Международный научно-образовательный электронный журнал «образование и наука в XXI веке». Выпуск №14

Keywords:
Afghanistan, Growth, Economic, Industrial, Investments, Production
 
INTRODUCTION 
Afghanistan’s average economic growth rate in the last 18 years has reached 3.8 
times that of Iran, while the average Iranian inflation rate has been nearly 2.5 times that 
of country. Afghanistan’s economy as a whole has been growing since 2001; its gross 
domestic product rose from $ 4
billion in 2002
to $ 20.5
billion in 2013, and has since 
fluctuated between $ 19
billion and $ 20
billion. Government revenues have also 
increased steadily since 2014, but its challenges in improving the business environment 
and reforming the public financial system remain strong due to corruption in the 

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country’s economic structure. Of course, during the last 20 years, significant 
development measures have been taken to increase access to safe water, health 
services, electricity and education and health services, but the inequality in the 
distribution of these services at the national level, different public feeling towards 
increasing access to public services and improved infrastructure. Afghanistan’s 
average economic growth rate over the past 18 years has reached 3.8 times that of Iran, 
while the average Iranian inflation rate has been nearly 2.5 times that of Afghanistan. 
Traditionally, the Afghan economy is agriculturally based, and 80% of the Afghan 
population earn their livelihoods from farming. Agricultural products generate about 
31% of Afghanistan’s licit GDP with wheat cultivation making up the largest and fresh 
and dried fruits making up the second largest share of agricultural production. Major 
dried fruit exports from Afghanistan include raisins, figs, almonds, and pistachios. For 
example, raisin exports in 2009-2010, was $53 million while almond, pistachio and 
walnuts together was close to $95 million during the same period. The former made up 
21 % and the later 32 % of total agricultural exports. Livestock products account for 
14 % of agricultural GDP. Dried fruits are anticipated to be the engine for boosting the 
agricultural Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and exports of Afghanistan in the 
upcoming years to Afghanistan’s major export destinations Pakistan, India, Iran, 
Russia, and Central Asian republics. Despite the above potential for goods exportation, 
still eighteen percent of the total imports of Afghanistan are basic food commodities 
such as wheat and wheat flour, rice, sugar, vegetable oils, chicken, beef, and this list of 
imports suggests that Afghanistan’s domestic economy still has a long way tea 
(Klenow, 2005).