Bog'liq The Lucifer Effect Understanding How Good People Turn Evil ( PDFDrive )
The SPE: Ethics and Extensions 2 4 9 A reporter noted some of the extreme reactions: "A housewife exhibited
the symptoms of a nervous breakdown and had to be released." "A woman
inmate took another hostage, held a knife to her throat, pierced the skin
and refused to end the role she was supposed to be playing. Guards had to
overpower her." "Many would later remark that within a day their minds
grew foggy and they couldn't concentrate. They became irritated by the
lack of privacy, especially the open toilets. Some felt abandoned and dehu-
manized. Others said they began to withdraw or wanted to rebel. Some lost
track of time." This demonstration alerted the staff to several technical
and operational problems that they fixed before opening the jail for local
felons. One of the mock prisoners was an attorney who concluded that de-
spite the good appearance of the jail and the courteous staff, prison "really
is a miserable place to b e . "
3 3
As a result of this mock prison trial, the offi-
cials put into place remedial practices designed to counter such extreme
reactions from future inmates.
• Exchanging letters (all handwritten, in those precomputer days!) with
more than two hundred prisoners, a dozen of whom became regular cor-
respondents. Even today. I answer many e-mail queries every day from stu-
dents, notably British high school students, for whom the SPE is required
learning in the social and cognitive psychology portion of their A Level
courses (see
www.revision-notes.co.uk
).
Two of the most powerful letters that were stimulated by the SPE came from
a psychologist colleague recently and from a prisoner right after the study. I'd like
to share them before we move on to examine further extensions of our experi-
ment in different realms. The psychologist described the parallels between the SPE
and the military indoctrination he had experienced:
My interest in social psychology began when I was a cadet at the USAF
Academy and read about (or saw the video of) the SPE study in my intro
psych class. It spoke to what I saw going on all around me in the indoctri-
nation of promising young minds into killing, dehumanizing, abuse ma-
chines. Your analysis is dead on: It is not a question of getting more moral
soldiers. Instead it is a question of recognizing how the situation of war
(and the cultural institutions/practices of the military that we have de-
signed to "prepare" people for that situation) creates monsters out of us
a l l .
3 4
A prisoner in an Ohio state prison described the abuses he experienced and
the rage they instilled in him:
I was recently released from "solitary confinement" after being held
therein for 37 months [months!]. A silent system was imposed upon me
and to even "whisper" to the man in the next cell resulted in being beaten