Linas Selmistraitis SeminarS in engliSh lexicology. SemanticS



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Lexicology. Exercise book

4.  Do you know that this morning I went to buy a new husky.

5.  Sometimes, lying awake at night, I could hear her dry, irrita-



ble cough. 

6.  The  guests  have  whetted  their  appetite  with  a  light  soup 

and have made short work of their trout.    

7.  The Republicans should not be afraid of to walk in with a se-

ries of positive ideas and to work with Democrats on legisla-

tion in a genuinely bipartisan fashion.    

exeRCIse 20.

Define  denotative  and  connotative  meanings  of  the  words  in 

bold.

1.  I suppose muggins will have to do it. 

2.  Give mummy the doggie then. 

3.  My brother is terrible. Let’s get rid of this little beastie

4.  Let me get you the aforementioned

5.  We are away to the sunnier climes

6.  Anastasia had to fork out a lot for that present. 

7.  For us it’s been a real catch-22, because we had the time to 

take a vacation without having any money.

Part .2



– 1 –

exeRCIse 21.



Build  sentences  with  primary  and  two  secondary  meanings  of 

the following polysemantic words.     

Bind,  board,  boil,  broad,  catch,  collapse,  course,  lemon,  long, 

passage, pure, quick, review, spell, tell.  

exeRCIse 22.



What meanings does a polysemantic word ‘nice’ have in the fol-

lowing sentences? What is the role of the context?

1.  One of the nicest things about her is her sense of humour.

2.  I asked him in the nicest possible way not to park in front of 

my garage.  

3.  He is not very nice to her when he has had a few drinks.

4.  The discussion on one of the nice points of law seemed to be 

endless.

5.  You need a nice hot bath after such a tiring day. 

6.  He has a nice taste in garment. 

7.  This is a nice mess you’ve got us into!

8.  She’s not too nice in her business methods.  

exeRCIse 23.



Discuss  the  meanings  of  the  words  and  word  forms  of  ‘die’, 

‘white’, ‘black’, ‘house’. How are the meanings of each of these 

words related? 

1.  The old traditions are dying out. Die in the car crash. Die of 

embarrassment. Die of cancer. Die in ones’ bed. The day is 

Meaning .of .the .Word . .Polysemy .od .the .Word . .Types .of .Meanings . .Change .of .Meaning . .Context




– 1 –

dying. Die in harness. Die a lingering death. His secret dies 

with him. The flame flickered and died. I’m dying for a drink. 

The  play  quickly  died  the  death.  Never  say  die.  The  noise 

died away. The rabbits died out.   

2.  White face. White lie. White elephant. White sugar. White 

meat. White hair. White teeth. A white youth in his twenties. 

White coffee. 

3.  Black clouds. Black tea. Black community. Hands black with 

grime. Black despair. To be in a black mood. A black com-

edy. 

4.  The  White  House.  An  ancient  trading  house.  Don’t  wake 



the whole house. On the house. A two-bedroom house. He 

played to packed houses. To urge the house to vote. Bring 

the house down. To keep house. 

exeRCIse 24.



Which of the following words are monosemantic? Explain their 

meanings. Look up the meanings of the words in the dictionary. 

Ape, archive, blood, candle, cancer, college, colossal, euthana-

sia,  eureka,  false,  famous,  gender,  intermediate,  jailbird,  jaw, 

mood, newfangled, nun, octopus, pedant, pork, profile, runway, 

saliva, seal, soldier, textile, vandal, verify, wiggle.      

exeRCIse 25.



In the sentences below, the words in bold in lexical system are 

polysemantic. What meanings do they have in a dictionary and 

what meaning do they have in this particular context? 

Part .2



– 1 –

1.  The past year and a half has reminded me in many ways of 

what it was like when we started the business.

2.   The main entrance hall looks like something out of a video 




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