Лекции по теоретической грамматике английского языка для студентов

Suppositional
 
 
I demand that he should be present 
These moods are distinguished on the basis of meaning which is coloured by 
the linguistic environment of the forms, i.e. these are ‘modal’ varieties of the 
subjunctive mood. 
Subjunctive II and Conditional are used in a conditional period. They have 
two forms – either homonymous to Past Indefinite and Future-in-the-Past, or to 
Past Perfect and Future-Perfect-in-the-Past.
Prof. Khlebnikova analyzed the morphological system of the English verb 
on the basis of oppositions. She paid proper attention to the fact that all these forms 
are united by one meaning – that of unreality. Since the meaning is one, but forms 
are different, she made the conclusion that there is only one oblique mood 
presented by two subtypes.
Subjunctive II and Conditional are more important than the other two 
because they are indispensable and sufficient in the system, that is, one cannot do 
without them, but can easily do without the other two. Subjunctive II and 
Conditional express the same meaning and don’t exist independently, so they can 
be united into one mood. Prof. Khlebnikova called this mood Conjunctive.

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Subjunctive I and Suppositional are on the periphery of the system. The 
former is a remnant of history. It has fallen out of the system and is used in 
restricted contexts, such as religious hymns, slogans, etc. The latter is a new 
formation that has not entered into the system yet. It is used in specific syntactic 
structures, eg., after verbs ‘demand’, ‘suggest’, etc. Another indication that 
Subjunctive I and Suppositional are on the periphery of the system is that they are 
synonymous and interchangeable in the structure.
To sum up, the category of mood is represented by two oppositions: the 
indicative mood and the spective mood. The indicative mood is the basic mood of 
the verb. Morphologically it is the most developed system. Semantically, it is a fact 
mood; it is the least subjective of all the moods. The spective mood, which 
includes the traditional imperative and the subjunctive mood, represents a process 
as a non-fact, i.e. as something imaginary, desirable, problematic, contrary to 
reality. The imperative variety of the spective mood is morphologically the least 
developed mood: it is only expressed by the bare infinitive form.