Лекции по теоретической грамматике английского языка для студентов

 
2. The Category of Mood 
A great divergence of opinions on the category of mood is caused by the fact 
that identical mood forms can express different meanings and different forms can 
express similar meanings.
The category of mood expresses the relation of nominative content of the 
sentence towards reality. Hence there are two moods – one presenting the action as 
real and the other presenting the action as unreal. Real actions are expressed by the 
indicative mood and unreal are expressed by the oblique mood. 
I go to university. vs. He suggests I (should) go to university. 
I am a student again. vs. I wish I were a student again. 
As for the imperative mood, traditionally it has been referred to as a separate 
mood. However, Prof. Blokh thinks that the imperative is a variety of the 
subjunctive. This can be shown by means of equivalent transformations: 
Be off! _ I demand that you (should) be off. 

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Do be careful with the papers. _ My request is that you (should) be careful 
with the papers. 
Do as I ask you! _ I insist that you (should) do as I ask you. 
As it can be seen, the meaning of the imperative does not much differ from 
the meaning of the subjunctive. It expresses a directive which may or may not be 
translated into a fact. Thus if we agree with M. Blokh, we shall have only two 
moods – the indicative and the non-indicative, or spective. 
Speaking of the system of oblique moods, linguists distinguish various 
semantic varieties: Subjunctive I, Subjunctive II, Conditional, Suppositional.
Subjunctive I 
 
So be it. Long live the Queen. 
Subjunctive II
If I had / had had time 
Conditional
 
I would go / would have gone there