Subjunctive Mood – Shart-istak mayli

Subjunctive Mood – Shart-istak mayli

Bu mayl ish-harakatning zarurligini, muhimligini, amalga oshirish kerakligini ko`rsatadi lekin u real amalga oshganligini ko`rsatmaydi.

Formulasi: V1 yoki Should V1 ya`ni: Go yoki Should go
Bunda faqat fe`lning o`zi bo`ladi: (-s, -es yoki zamon qo`shimchalarini olmaydi, he,she,it kelsa ham fa`eling haqiqiy tarkibida turaveradi.) Verb yoki should+V farqsiz ishlataveramiz.

Majhul nisbat yasaganimizda esa: be+V3 (be done) | should be+V3 (should be done)

Bunda ham be zamonlarga ajralamaydi: (is, are ,was, were shu kabi boshqa zamonlarga ajralmaydi, o`z holicha turaveradi. Faqat “be+verb3” ishlatamiz)

Subjunctive Mood sodda va qo`shma gaplarda ishlatilishi mumkin.
Sodda gaplarda ishlatilinishi:

1. 
   - wish (xohish-istak, tilaklar uchun)
   

Success attend you! - Omad sizga yor bo`lsin!
Success – gapning egasi, attend gapning kesimi. Bu gaplar o`zbek tilida “-sin”
tarjimasini beradi.
Attend ga biz hech qanday qo`shimcha qo`shmayapmiz. Gapning egasi 3-shaxsda bo`lganligi uchun kesim “-s, -es” olishi kerak, lekin biz bunday gaplarda qo`shmaymiz. Boshqa misollarda:
Long live the Queen! - Qirolicha uzoq yashasin!
God be with you! - Xudo sizga yor bo`lsin!

Eslatma! Subjunctive Mood ning yuqoridagi “wish” li turida biz, should+v1 ishlata olmaymiz. Misol uchun: “Success should attend you” deya olmaymiz.

2. 
   emotions (his-hayajon)
   

Damn it all! - hammasini jin ursin! (bu holatda ham kesim, o`zini shaklida)
Manners be hanged! - Lutf-karimlar yig`ishtirilsin! (Bu gapda majhul nisbatda
ya`ni “be+V3” bo`lib ishlatilyapti.)
Xulosa qilsak: Subjunctive Mood ning bu shakli (“V1 va be+V3”) sodda gaplarda “xoshish, tilak” bildirganda va “kuchli his-hayajon gaplarda” ishlatiladi.
Qo`shma gaplarda ishlatilinishi:

1. 
   advise, ask, command, demand, desire, insist, propose, request, suggest, urge bular qo`shma gapning bosh qismida ishlatilinadi va undan keyin ergash gap (gapning ikkinchi qismida) Subjunctive Mood ishlatamiz. Misol uchun:
   

She advised that we (should) leave - U bizga ketishni maslahat berdi.

Dr.Smith asked that John (should) submit his paper before hand.


M.Nisbat: It was suggested that the children (should) be sent to the country-side.
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Bolalarni shahardan tashqariga jo`natish taklif qilindi.

The United States demanded that all troops (should) be withdrawn.

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BMT barcha qo`shinlarning chiqarib yuborilishini talab qildi.

“Demanded – talab qildi” bosh gap qismida keldi

“Be withdrawn” - Ergash gap qismda “Subjunctive Mood” majhul nisbat (be+V3) shaklida keldi. Va gaplarda “Subjunctive Mood” ning ikkala shakli ham ya`ni “Should” variant ham yoki usiz ham ishlatilinishi mumkin:
Boshqa bir misol:

She proposed that the book should be banned = She proposed that the book be banned

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U kitobning ta`qiqlanishini taklif qildi.

Eslatma: Gapning birinchi qismida hozirgimi, o`tganmi yoki kelasi zamon bo`lsa ham ergash gapga ta`sir qilmaydi. Misol uchun: She proposed that the book be banned.

Proposed – o`tgan zamonda kelayapti. Lekin ergash gapdagi s.moodga ta`sir o`tkazmaydi. Chunki S.mood da zamon tushunchasining o`zi yo`q. Bosh gap qanday zamonda kelishidan qat`iy nazar, S.mood “V1 (Should+V1) va be+V3 (should be+V3)” holatida keladi.

2) kerak, muhim (desirable, essential, imperative, important, recommended, urgent, vital, a good idea, a bad idea)
It is vital that you (should) keep all your documents in a safe place.
3) buyruq, iltimos, taklif (order, request, demand)
Their demand was that we (should) run the place as before.
The recommendation was that nothing should be touched before the police arrived

4) munosabat (surprising, shocked, strange)

It is surprising that she (should) say such words to you

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Uni sizga bunday so`zlarni aytishi hayratlanarli

It is strange that he (should) be late

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Uning kechikishi g'alati