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ILMIY AXBOROTNOMA FILOLOGIYA 2019-yil, 6-son
33
Borrowings from English. English borrowings are entering languages everywhere, and in more
domains than just science and technology. Not surprisingly, the reported reaction of a Paris disk jockey to
the French Academy's latest pronouncements against English borrowings was to use an English borrowing
to call the pronouncement 'pas très cool' ('not very cool')."
As the English and Russian language belong to one language family, the process of borrowing is
easily seen between them. As linguists mentioned, majority of loanwords have occasional character, after
some period occasional neologisms widen their bilinguistic character.
Nowadays the loanwords in different spheres of life can be met in newspapers, magazines, radio
and tele broadcasting. Popular politicians, statesmen, economists, journalists use foreign borrowings in
their speech. According to linguistic sources, there are two ways of borrowing foreign words:
1) borrowing through oral speech. For instance, Russian words
рамы
,
клубника
,
поднос
were pronounced
as
ром
,
кулупнай
,
патнис
and were borrowed into Uzbek language as rom, qulupnay, patnis;
2) borrowing through written sources. It means the borrowing by translation or usage of foreign words
(especially, terms and phrases) in articles, scientific and literary works in Uzbek language. The words catet,
hypotenusa in maths, terms as culmination, sujet, roman, povest in literature were borrowed in that way.
The borrowings can be divided into the following lexical-semantic groups:
1.The sphere of economics and politics: auditor (auditor), barter (barter), broker (broker), demping
(damping), diler (diller), injiniring (engineering), kliring (clearing), konsalting (consalting), provayder
(provider), menedgment (management), transfert (transfert), menedger (manager), sammit (summit),
brifing (breafing),
к
ongress (congress), simpozium (symposium), department (department), parlament
(parliament), spiker (speaker),
р
reglament (reglament), grant (grant), daydjest (dayjest), magistr (magistr),
reyting (rating), impichment (impeachment), Pi-
А
r (P.R.). Majority of words have borrowed from the
English language as: auditor (auditor), edvayzer (adviser), anderrayter (underwriter), attorney (attorney),
broker (broker), diler (diler), distributor (distributor), insayder (insider), intervyuyer (interviewer), kopi-
rayter (copywriter), meneger (manager), fermer (farmer), xaker (hacker). Last decades the process of
borrowing was activated due to the rapid reforms in our state.
2.The sphere of sport: bodibilding (bodybuilding), armrestling (armwrestling), kikboksing
(kickboxing), vindserfing (windsurfing), bouling (bowling), snoubording (snowboarding),pressing
(pressing), doping (doping), golf (golf), darts (darts), fristayl (freestyle), skeyt (skate).
3.The sphere of food. There are several English words as: gamburger (hamburger), fishburger
(fishburger), chizburger (cheeseburger), chikenburger (chickenburger).
4.The sphere of Internet and computer technologies: veb-sayt (web-site), fayl (file), printer
(printer), skaner (scanner), monitor (monitor), modem (modem), kseroks (xerox), peydger (pager),
provayder (provider), Internet (Internet), server (server), glasnet (Glasnet), intranet (Intranet), Uznet
(Uznet), displey (display), interfeys (interface), makros (macros), multimedia (multimedia), gipertekst
(hypertext), brauzer (browser), rouming (rouming), i-meil (e-mail), noutbuk (notebook), IP adres (IP
address).
«Bepul va hamma uchun ochiq Wi-fi hududi o‘quvchilarning elektron kutubxonadan
foydalanishida ayni muddao bo‘lmoqda» «
Бесплатный
и
доступный
для
всех
зона
Wi-fi
очень
пригодилось
для
учеников
в
использовании
электронной
библиотеки
». “Free and open Wi-Fi zone si
very helpful for pupils in usage electron library” (
Ха
lq so‘
zi, 2017, 23 noyabr, №236 (6930) [7]
«
Ха
barnoma …
о
peratorning veb-portalida va veb-saytlarida joylashtirildi » «
Извещение
о
….
выставлено
на
веб
-
портале
и
веб
-
сайте
оператора
». “Notification was posted in web-portal and web-
sites of operator” (
Ха
lq so‘
zi, 2017, 20 sentabr, №189 (6883).
5.The sphere of art: media-branch (media-tarmoq), video, cable television (kabelli televideniye),
parabolic antenna (parabolli antenna), cinema business (kinobizneschi), cinema (kinoteatr),cinema
company (kinokompaniya), cinema epopee (kinoepopeya), cinema art (kinosan’at), videocam (videoteka),
video saloon (videosalon)
6. The sphere of education: innovational technology (innovatsion texnologiya), intellectual
property (intellectual mulk), projector (proyektor), presentation (prezentatsiya)
7.Everyday terms: airplane (havo kemasi), comfortable (komfortabelli)
8.The sphere of agriculture: infrastructure (infratuzilma), innovation (innovatsiya), reconstruction
(rekonstruksiya), mechanizing (mexanizatsiyalash), electrify (elektrlashtirish), automacy
(avtomatlashtirish), zoo engineering (zoo injiniriya), zoo hygiene (zoo gigiyena), certify (sertifikatlash),
etc.
In modern Uzbek language there are lots of words which consist of native and foreign lexemes as
biznes-klass (business-class), grin-karta (green card), shou-rum (show-room), veb-sayt (web-site), mass
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