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Index
◾
431
roller conveyor system for wrapping plastic
membrane, 399, 400f
shearing machine of unfolded aluminum sheet, 401,
401f
simple robotic arm for pickup and placement of light
objects, 395–396, 396f
stacking machine of light objects, 394–395, 395f
step motor driving through a PLC, 393–394, 394f
traffic lights
control of a complex intersection, 391, 391f
cyclic operation of, 381, 382f
tzatziki salad production machine (food industry),
385–387, 386f
operation specifications, 386–387
technical characteristics of the equipment., 385,
386f
wooden plate stacking, painting and transferring
process, 388, 388f
working time monitoring of machine under three-
shift schedule, 397, 398f
Industrial automation
circuits, 10–13
classical system, 194–195, 196f
vs. PLC, 194–195, 196f; see also Programmable
logic controllers (PLCs)
computer-based industrial control and automation,
13–18
control system, 1–6
defined, 7
process control and, 6–8
purpose, 9–10
synthesis, see Synthesis, industrial automation
Industrial networks, of PLCs, 355–370
communication protocols, 359–360
carrier sense multiple access with collision
detection (CSMA/CD) protocol, 360–361,
361f
Master/Slave protocol, 360, 360f
token passing method of access, 361–362, 362f
developments, 357
implementation
actuator-sensor interface (AS-I) network,
367–368, 367f, 368f
communication task, 365–367, 366f
data transmission media, 362–363
ISO/OSI model, 363–364
network devices, 364–365, 365f
Profibus network, 368, 369f
SCADA systems, 368–369, 370f
overview, 355–356, 356f
topology
bus topology, 359, 359f
defined, 357
ring topology, 358–359, 358f
star topology, 357–358, 358f
Industrial personal computers (I-PCs), 13–18
Industry, PID control in, 373–379; see also PID control
Infrared temperature sensor, 61
Ingress Protection (IP) rating, 243
of electrical enclosures according to IEC 60529,
244t
Inlet and outlet rate monitoring, of transferred objects,
402, 402f
Input devices, 205
with leakage current, 253, 255
Input Image Table, PLC, 195
Input impedance adjustment, PLC installation and,
256–257
Inputs and outputs (I/Os), 193
Installation, PLC, 200
electrical enclosure for, 243–245, 244f, 244t,
246f–247f
electromagnetic interference, 245, 247–249,
248f–249f
electromagnetic shielding of cables, 251–252, 252f
grounding, 249–251, 250f
impedance adjustment of I/Os, 253, 255
input impedance adjustment, 256–257
lightning protection, 252–253, 254f–255f
operation procedure and fault detection, 261–263,
263f–264f
output impedance adjustment, 257–258
transitional protection of I/Os, 259–261, 259f–260f
Instant operation, defined, 79
Instruction List (IL) language, 198, 198f, 274–275, 275f
programming in, 306–308, 307f–308f
Instructions, PLC programming, 281–292, 282t–283t
activation instructions, 288–290
Boolean logic instructions, 287–288
comparison instructions, 291, 291f
complementary instructions, 290–292, 290f, 291f
counting instructions, 290–291, 290f
load (L) and transfer (T) instructions, 290
number of LAD instructions per rung, 296, 296f
parallel or serial execution of LAD instructions,
292–294, 293f–294f, 294t
program flow control instructions, 291–292
result of an instruction execution, 284–287, 285f,
286f
Integrated circuits (ICs), 279
Integrated machine
for chocolate production, 5
defined, 1
operations, 4–6
Intelligence restrictions, PLC’s, 294–296, 295f
Internal diameter calculation, of pressurized air
distribution pipe, 161–163
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 273
International Organization for Standardization (ISO),
363
International Protection Rating, 243
International standardization associations, 243
Intersection (complex), traffic lights control of, 391,
391f
432
◾
Index
Inversion in rotation, motor with, 95, 96f
I/O modules, PLC, 202–203, 203f–204f
analog input/output modules, 216
analog input modules, 216–219, 216f,
217t–219f
analog output modules, 220–222, 220f–222f
analog signals conversion, accuracy in, 219–220
CPU, 232–233, 233f
digital input modules, 202, 204–207
with DC power supply in groups, 207, 209f
electronic circuit, 206–207, 207f
isolated-supply inputs, 207, 208f
non-isolated-supply inputs, 207, 208f
numerical switches, 205–206, 206f
operations, block diagram, 204–205, 205f
technical specifications for, 212–215
digital output modules, 202, 209–212, 210f–214f
with DC power supply, 21f, 212
electronic circuit, 210–211, 211f–212f
isolated-supply outputs, 212, 213f
of modular PLC, 203f
non-isolated-supply outputs, 212, 213f
operations, block diagram, 209, 210f
technical specifications for, 212–215
impedance adjustment of, 253, 255
PLC expansion and configuration of, 233–242
local and peripheral system, 234–236,
234f–236f
system design, 236–241, 237f, 238t, 240t–241t,
242f
special purpose modules, 222–225
communication modules, 225
fast input response modules, 223
stepper motor control modules, 223–224, 224f
three terms (PID), 224–225
transitional protection of, 259–261, 259f–260f
ISO/OSI model, data communications, 363–364
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