Key words:
stylistic, neutral words, dictionary, non-literary, category of
word, communication, vocabulary, language, method.
Regardless of style, stylistic color or situation, there are also neutral
words that are used only in certain situations as the basis of language in
communication. We call this category of words in dictionaries non-literary or
non-standard lexical words. Before considering non-standard vocabulary, if
we look at the problems associated with its style, it becomes clear that there
are two main types of use of style: functional and expressive. The functional
style is interpreted as a special, purposeful communication style
characteristic of a certain circle of people, that is, for situations related to
specific legal aspects of human behavior, such as entrepreneurial style,
verbal style, scientific style, etc. Functional styles of modern languages are
very complex and varied. It should be noted that the method can be
divided into written and oral forms, as well as various forms for public use. But
until now, linguists, despite the availability of a large amount of information,
have not yet come to a consensus about the types of styles. Styles are
divided into the following sections: scientific, social, journalistic, artistic
(theater, painting, dance, etc.), Oral, correspondent style, newspaper style,
poetry, professional and technical, formal and administrative methods. A
functional style is a collection of people who communicate in a specific
language, using words and phrases from their native language for a specific
purpose, depending on different situations and jobs. The style of expression is
such that during communication you express your emotional feelings about
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a particular situation. Various linguists also use other terms to refer to modes
of communication. According to the Russian linguist R.G. Petrovsky, the
styles are divided into high-level luxurious poetry and the style of scientific
language, that is, literary storytelling, literary speech styles and other
secondary styles that are not basic. The English linguist J. Kenon, on the other
hand, distinguishes two levels - standard and non-standard methods or
formal and informal methods. Scientists have not yet come to a consensus
on whether slang and slang are special slang or a separate part of non-
standard vocabulary. Vulgarism, with its harsh and harsh meanings, is
directly related to non-standard vocabulary. In standard English, vulgarism is
considered and understood as a taboo ("taboo" - "prohibition, restriction").
Non-standard vocabulary develops through variations within the national
language and its rules. In some cases, words or phrases from a foreign
language may be added to words in a language. With the help of
metaphor and metonymy, words from a foreign language can be
significantly translated into another language. Words in a non-standard
lexical dictionary develop mainly due to the fact that the words of the
literary language carry different meanings in a narrow or wide range, using
them in different situations, without completely deviating from their original
meaning. It should be noted that such cases in the language are not
accidental. The development of non-standard English vocabulary is largely
characterized by the history of the origin of the Germanic languages. Many
words related to non-standard vocabulary are used in proportion to the
literary language in which they occur, starting with the origin of the word.
Below we will look at a number of examples of non-standard vocabulary
using American English slang. The most common cultural suffix is er, which
creates a new custom word to represent the performer of the action. For
example, ―greener‖ is a new person or an inexperienced employee
(―green‖ is green, just sprouted); "Juicer" - alcoholic ("juice" - juice, drink);
"Jumper" - a thief passing through the window into the house ("jump" - to
jump); "Pencil" is a journalist ("pencil" is a pen). "Bye-bye" - goodbye ("Bye" -
goodbye), "jaw-jaw" - conversation, chatter ("jaw" - jaw). Duplicate words
are most commonly found in slang and can then be added to the standard
rules of the literary language. For example: English "tip-top" - excellent, first-
class or "hocus-pocus" - hocus-pocus, drawing eyes, deception. These
incomprehensible words can be stored for centuries.
Conclusion from the above, we can conclude that by studying only the
literary meanings of a certain foreign language, you can get a complete
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