Ingliz tili ikkinchi fakulteti

Exercise 1. Read the statements. Circle the true or false.

1. 
   Sentence is universal linguistic phenomenon while phrase is not True / False
   

2. 
   According to I. Mestchaninov languages are classified into nominative,
   

ergative and passive
True / False

0. 
   The element of a phrase can be morphologically equal or unequal True / False
   

0. 
   Greenberg found out only two variants of word order: S+P+O, S+O+P. True / False
   

0. 
   According to Greenberg, the English and Russian languages belong to the SPO word order type.
   

23. 
    If the elements are syntactically unequal, one of them modifies the other. True / False
    

23. 
    According to Vladimir Skalicka, fixed word order is characteristic of
    

agglutinational and isolating types.
True / False

23. 
    The principal element is called the ―adjunct‖ or ―head word‖.
    

True / False

Exercise 2. Fill the table below. Write the types and definitions of phrases in the missed places according to its structural feature.

English	___________	Expanded		Extended
	all elements are	to read	and	_________________________
	obligatory	translate	the	_________________________
		text –		_________________________
		expanded		_________________________
		elements	are	__: a beautiful flower – a very
		equal in rank			beautiful flower

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Russian

Simple

Complex

-

_____________

(three

and

_____________

more

notional

_____________

words)

_____________

Example:____

_____________

____________

_____________

____________

_____________

____________

Uzbek

Simple

____________

-

(consists of two

(consists

of

notional words)

extending

the

Example:_____

members

of

_____________

simple

word

_____________

combination)

_____________

осмондаги

уч

_____________

ўрдак,

_____________

ҳаммадан

аълочи ўқувчи

►Activities for self-improvement


Exercise 1. Work in pairs. Learn carefully the clusters below. Find general differences of word-combinations of three compared languages and compare them with your partner.


In English:


In Russian:

114

In Uzbek:


TOPICS FOR PRESENTATIONS

23. 
    Definitions of phrases in compared languages.
    
24. 
    Structure and classification of phrases of English, Russian and Uzbek languages.
    

23. 
    Criteria of connection of words in phrasess.
    
24. 
    Syntactic connection in compared languages.
    
25. 
    Comparison of the structure of phrases in compared languages.
    
26. 
    Comparison of thedistinctive feature of Uzbek, English and Russian phrases.
    

115
SEMINAR 13. TYPOLOGY OF SENTENCE IN ENGLISH AND NATIVE LANGUAGES

►Classroom activities


Exercise 1. Discuss the questions with your partner.

1. 
   Different definitions of the term ―sentence‖.
   
2. 
   Classification of the sentence due to different criteria.
   
3. 
   Nominal and verbal sentences.
   

4. 
   Main characteristics of acompound sentence.
   
5. 
   Word order typology.
   

Exercise 2. Work in a small group. Compare the given topic. Identify similarities, differences, and distinctive features and prepare a poster presentation to other group members.

Difference between
nominal and verbal
sentences in

compared languages

Distinctive features of
simple and complex
sentence in compared
languages

Comparison of

composite sentence
and its main types

The problem of word

order in typology

Exercise 3. Classify and do acomparative analysis of types of thesentence according to communication. Complete the table below and share your analysis with your partner.

Declarative

Interrogative

Imperative

English
Russian
Uzbek

116

Exercise 4. Discuss the following questions with your partner.

1. 
   What does the term ―composite‖ mean?
   
2. 
   What types of composite sentences do you know in both English and Uzbek?
   
3. 
   Specify the compound, complex and mixed type of composite sentences.
   
4. 
   What are the problems connected with compound sentences?
   
5. 
   How are the complex sentences classified in Uzbek?
   

6. 
   What is the structural approach to the problem of composite sentences?
   

Exercise 5. Choose one of the topics below. Make a comparative analysis and prepare 10 minutes demonstrative presentation on it.

0. 
   Comparison of English /Russian/ Uzbek simple sentences.
   
1. 
   Comparative analysis of composite sentence in compared languages.
   
2. 
   Typology of English/ Russian/ Uzbek nominal and verbal sentences.
   
3. 
   Comparison of English / Russian / Uzbek word order system.
   

►Home activities

Exercise 1. Read the statements. Circle the true or false definition of ―sentence‖.

1. 
   The sentence is the basic unit of syntax. True / False
   

2. 
   Sentence is different from other language units because it is a unit of speech. True / False
   

3. 
   The sentence is central syntactic construction used as the minimal communicative unit that has its primary predication, which is actualized by definite structural scheme and intonation characteristics.
   

True / False

4. 
   A sentence is a unit of speech whose grammatical structure conforms to the laws of the language and which serves as the chief means of conveying a thought. True / False
   

5. 
   A sentence is only a means of communicating something about reality and also a means of showing the speaker‘s attitude to it.
   

True / False

6. 
   A sentence does not express a complete thought.
   

True / False


Exercise 2. Read the given main criteria about the classification of sentences.

Classify and write types of sentences according to these criteria in the table.

The criterion of the structure of sentences

The criterion of the aim of the speaker

The criterion of the existence of all parts of the sentence

117

Exercise 3. Fill the table with examples of thenegative form of adeclarative sentence of compared languages. Analyze similarities and differences between them.

Means					English		Russian	Uzbek
1.		Grammatical				do+not	не		-ма
		morpheme				I don’t go	Я не пойду		Мен бормайман
2.		Lexical units
3.		Negative
		pronouns		and
		adverbs
4.		Phraseological
		units
5.		Rhetoric
		questions

►Activities for self-improvement


Exercise 1. What languages have these types of thecomposite sentence? Fill the table below. The first is given as an example.

	Types	of	composite			Languages
	sentences
	Compound-complex					English, Uzbek
	Complex
	Compound
	Syndetic
	Asyndetic

118
Coordinating conjunction

Subordinating conjunction


Exercise 2. Read the statements below and choose whether they are true or false.

1.The sentence is the immediate group of words.

True / False

1. 
   The sentence should always consistof a verb, noun and secondary parts of sentences.
   

True / False

2. 
   The sentence is divided into four according to the purpose.
   

True / False

4.Rhetorical questions do not fall into the category of interrogative sentences. True / False

5.According to the structure, the sentence is divided into simple and composite. True / False