Ingliz tili I fakulteti

The struggle after the death of Timur and the reign of Shahrukh

According to Timur's will, he was to be succeeded by Pir-Mohammad. But this Prince did not receive support, and Timur's grandson Khalil-Sultan was proclaimed as a ruler. He was opposed by Shahrukh, Timur's son. In 1405, the two contenders concluded a Treaty under which Khalil Sultan retained power over Transoxiana. The struggle between the two Timurids lasted for four years, but in 1409 Shahrukh won and took Samarkand. Having won, the new ruler appointed his son Ulugbek as the ruler of Samarkand, and his son Ibrahim as the ruler of Balkh. Other Timurids Jehangir and Ahmed ruled Hissar and Fergana. Shahrukh himself ruled the Empire in Herat. Under Shahrukh, the Timurids waged wars with Mughalistan and the young Uzbek state. Decline of the Timurid state in 1447, after the death of Shahrukh, Ulugbek became the new Emir of the Timurid state. At the beginning of his reign, he managed to repel the Uzbek attack on Transoxiana. As early as 1449, Ulugbek was opposed by his son Abdullatif, supported by the Sunni clergy. Ulugbek was defeated, surrendered and was killed.

Under the subsequent Timurids, the territory of the state was narrowed. The descendants of Tamerlane spent a lot of energy on internecine wars. In the 1450s and 1460s, Timur's great-grandson Abu-Seyid rose to prominence. He managed to subdue Central Asia, part of Afghanistan, and Eastern Iran in wars with the rulers of neighboring States and other Timurids. Abu Seyid died in 1469 during a campaign against Azerbaijan. After his death, other members of the family established themselves in the United lands and continued their civil strife. In the following decades, the Timurid territory began to shrink. Its Western possessions were ceded to the Safavid Persian power. In Central Asia, the Timurids were attacked by the Uzbeks. In 1500, the Uzbek ruler Sheibani Khan in a fight with the Emir of Ferghana Babur took Samarkand and killed many descendants of Timur. Babur retreated to Kabul, where he founded a new state. In 1510, after the death of Sheibani Khan in the fight against the Safavids, Babur recaptured Samarkand. Later, due to disagreements with his Persian allies, he had to leave the city. After that, Babur gave up trying to maintain power in Transoxiana, which became part of the Sheibanid state. Babur ruled in Kabul, and after following the example of his ancestor, he made a trip to India. He succeeded in defeating the Delhi Sultanate and establishing a new state in India, the Mughal Empire.

Timur was able to create the strongest state of his time. He did not succeed in establishing the same reliable system of succession to power, and there were no people of the same talents among his immediate heirs. The result was the rapid decline of the Timurid state. By the second half of the XV century, their state, divided into Shires, ceased to be a serious force in the region. Gradually its territories were reduced, until the Timurids were finally exterminated or deprived of power in Central Asia.