I. Kirish II. Asosiy qism

Mavzu: Maktabgacha ta’lim tashkilotlarida Xalq og’zaki janrlari bilan tanishtirish.

Reja:

I. Kirish

II. Asosiy qism

2.1. Epos va lirika

2.2. Drama

2.3. Maqollarning kelib chiqish tarixi va ularning o`ziga xos xususiyatlari

2.4. Xalq og`zaki ijodi asarlarini o`rganish

III. Xulosa

IV. Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar

KIRISH

Har bir fan, sohaning muhim nazariy masalalari bo`ladi. Badiiy adabiyotni o`rganuvchi fan adabiyotshunoslik deb ataladi. Xalq og`zaki poetik ijodini o`rganish sohasini folklorshunoslik deymiz. Folklorshunoslik adabiyotshunoslik tarkibidagi mustaqil fan hisoblansa-da, o`rganish obyekti badiiy adabiyot bo`lgani sabab bir qator umumiy va mushtarak jihatlari bor. Xususan, janrlar masalasi adabiyotshunoslik uchun ham, folklorshunoslik uchun ham muhim hisoblanadi. Faqat adabiyotshunoslikda yozma adabiyot vakillari qalamiga mansub g`azal, ruboiy, doston, noma kabi (mumtoz adabiyot); she`r, hikoya, roman, drama kabilar (zamonaviy adabiyot) ning janr xususiyalari o`rganiladi. MTT folklorshunoslikda esa xalq og`zaki adabiyotidagi maqol, qo`shiq, ertak, doston kabi janrlarning o`ziga xoslik tomonlari tadqiq etiladi. Ammo qaysi shaklda yaratilgan adabiyot ekanidan qat`i nazar har bir yo`nalishdagi yutuqlar va kashfiyotlar adabiyotshunoslik ilmi taraqqiyotiga qo`shilgan hissa sifatida baholanaveradi. Avvalo, badiiy asarlar yaratilish jinsi yoki turiga ko`ra uch xil bo`lishini esga olaylik. Jahon adabiyotida uchta jinsning mavjudligi (epos, lirika, drama) qayd etilgan, tan olingan. Janr deganda, ana shu uchta jinsdagi asarlar tarkibini tashkil qiluvchi kichik turlar tushuniladi. Masalan, yozma adabiyotda epik asarlar turini roman, qissa, hikoya janrlari, og`zaki adabiyotda ertak, doston, latifalar tashkil etadi. Ya`ni jins nomi saqlanishi, tarkibi esa asar yaratilish usuliga ko`ra (og`zaki yoki yozma) boshqa-boshqa janrlardan iborat bo`lishi mumkin.

*********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************************