ленного предложения с сохранением как частей речи, так и членов
предложения. Кроме того, он состоит из нормальных слов русского
языка, каждое из которых получит в словаре подробное описание и
определение. Трудности возникают ввиду нарушений лексической
сочетаемости слов.
В чем суть вопроса о сочетаемости слов? В ряде работ последнего
десятилетия (Чейф, Филмор,
Макколи,
Лаков, Шэнк,
Гак,
72
Таблица 8
Бессмысленные фразы в экспериментальных текстах
№ т е к ст а
№
п /п
№ контроль-
ной ф р азы
Контрольные фразы в минимальном контексте
1/5
2/1
3
4
5
2/2
а
б
в
2 /3
... Besides, Mr President, previous to the advent
of Europeans on our continent and contrary to
preconceived ideas Africans were educated after
their own fashion. They had their peace and all
necessary institutions of learning andgovernm ent.
They b u ilt kingdoms and empires and had an
impeccable standard of communal life and mo
rality. They had the empires of SOKOTA,
GANDA, KAHNU, GHANA, MALI, SOMBOI,
BANYU, HARAR, GONDAR, and many more.
However, before we continue our analysis of the
problem so vividly revealed by Bible tran s
lating we m ust slightly digress to briefly Ideal
w ith an extreme case of translation difficulties.
A sentence: THE UGLY BEAUTY RATTLED
UP TO TH E TOP OF THE SOUR VALLEY —
could provide an appropriate example.
This is
a perfectly correct sentence gram m atically, and
since it is so it may be translated at least into
languages w ith certain sim ilarities in syntac
tical structure. At the same tim e, at least hy
pothetically, it might become a stumbling block
for an interpreter.
The following example may serve as a proof of
my idea. Suppose, in the following sequences
I
am making a certain point, trying to bring
home to my audience the idea of the im por
tance of form and structure in a language. I say:
THE GREEN NIGHTS WOKE STRONGLY ON
THE LOGICAL ARMCHAIR and further:
THE SQUARE CIRCLE WALKED READILY
ALONG THE STEAMY BEAST or another one:
THE ROUND
KNIFE
FLEW
SQUARELY
INSIDE THE BOTTOM OF SMOKE— the in ter
preter will have to deal w ith completely illog
ical but perfectly correct gram m atical sequen
ces. He will immediately recognize them as
SENTENCES of the English language, yet they will
not make much sense to him ,
though he ;will
undoubtedly realize th a t they are meant for the
audience and should therefore somehow be ren
dered to bring home my point about illogical
sentences.
Their illogical nature may go to extremes, as in
previous examples, or, on the other hand, may
be only p a rtia l,
as,
for instance,
in THE
YELLOW
SYMPOSIUM
OF
IRON TREES
W ILL
BE
D EEPLY
HELD
YESTER
D A Y — where at least the sequence... SYMPO
SIUM ...
W ILL B E ...
H ELD
makes
some
sense; as to the rest, the interpreter will have
73
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