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conclude that above 62.65°C, some of the alteration in properties of nanofluid occurs,
where the particles agglomerate and causes an irrecoverable increase in viscosity. This
type of behavior of nanofluid was also observed by Mintsa et al. (2007), where they
defined a critical temperature above which the nanofluid property changes and causes an
irrecoverable change in viscosity.
Figure 4.23. Plot showing the viscosity vs. temperature for the NF. The NF is first heated from a
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