English Grammar through Stories
by Alan Townend
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© www.english-test.net
98
Bible: «They were punished for taking the Lord's name in vain».
Let's end on a romantic note, which I am afraid is linked with
tragedy. When a young couple decide to get married, everyone
wants to know when the wedding will be — that's when «they name
the day». This is what one of the most famous young couples in
history wanted to do — Romeo and Juliet but tragedy intervened
because they both die before this can happen. And it all had to do
with names. They both came from different families the Montagues
and the Capulets, who were deadly rivals. And here I have to revert
to my favourite poet, William Shakespeare, who in the words of his
hero Romeo has him say that names are not important and need not
divide Romeo and Juliet:
«What's in a name? That which we call a rose
By any other name would smell as sweet.»
English Grammar through Stories
by Alan Townend
Photocopiable
© www.english-test.net
99
44.
Usage of the word chip or «Potatoes»
Let's start with a little puzzle - a not very difficult one. Which four-
letter word starts with a "c" and ends in a "p" and has a salutation in
the middle? Allow a little time for reflection although it's not really
needed. And the answer is "chip". It's only small but it's a clever
little word. We can use it to describe a small piece missing from a
piece of china or ceramics because someone has knocked it. The
expression just like a chip off the old block describes a child who has
the same characteristics as one of their parents. The old block is
presumably Mama or Papa. Then again it also appears as a small
slice of potato, which comes in different thicknesses. The really posh
ones are very slender and restaurants that don't really like the word
chips on their menu, refer to them as French fries. There is even a
British Potato Council - just imagine. I bet they have French fries at
their lunches. The humble potato arrived in England from Virginia in
1584 and was sent there by Sir Walter Raleigh (1552 - 1682) who
also introduced tobacco to England. He was a great favourite of the
Queen and just to show what a splendid chap he was he threw his
cloak down once over a puddle in the ground so that the Queen
wouldn't get her royal toes wet. Unfortunately when the King (James
1st) came to the throne, he fell out of favour and had his head cut
off. Seems a bit tough but then potatoes do make you fat and
cigarettes as they keep telling us, can seriously damage your health!
In fact we have an expression for someone who sits around all day
watching the TV and doing nothing but eat and drink and that's a
couch potato. In 1962 the playwright, Arnold Wesker (born 1932)
wrote a play describing his experience based on his military service
called Chips with Everything, which has come into the language as
describing a passion people have for insisting that every meal has to
be accompanied by the sliced up potato.
But let's leave the potato for the moment and come back to other
uses of the word chip. It can also describe those small tokens used
to represent money in a casino. If someone cashes in their chips,
that means they have died - it's all over. If you've had your chips,
that doesn't mean you've just polished off a plate of French fries but
that you've failed in your task and have now no chance of success.
When the chips are down again is back to the gambling table when
you've piled all the tokens on the table, this is the moment of truth
and you have reached a critical stage in your life or in a business
situation. Now the chip I really like is the chip on the shoulder - not
the one you're thinking with someone standing there with a tomato
stained chip perched on their shoulder - this refers to having a
feeling of inferiority. In this country we have a bit of a chip on our
shoulder about one particular sport - tennis because we haven't had
a male champion tennis player since goodness knows how long. He
went by the name of Fred Perry and he become one in 1936, a good
year that! But this chip on the shoulder is made of wood. Apparently
it comes from a former American custom. A young man who was
desperate to have a fight with anyone would place a chip - a wooden
one this time - on his shoulder and challenge anyone to knock it off
his shoulder. This clever little word can also enter the lists of the
phrasal verb community. If you chip in with a comment, you
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