Education is a complex and important process which the future not just of only one person but the whole nation depends on, hence, it is an important factor of the progress in modern world



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2 CP 346 Pulatova Fatina (2)

Words

Free root

Bound root

Derivational

Inflectional

prefixes

suffixes

1. insurmountable

surmount

In-, -able

un –


-able


-

2. unconscious

conscience

Un-, -ious

Un-


- ious

-

3. understandable

understand

- able

-

-able

-

4. restoration

store

Re-, -tion

Re-

-tion

-

5. disconnected

connect

Dis-, -ed

Dis-

-ed

-



  1. Write out examples of simple, derived, compound and compound-derived stems.

Simple stems — job, picture, blood;

Derived stems — murderous, boredom, outlandish;

Compound stems — shellfire, motherland, headache;

Compound-derived stems – fast – beating.




  1. Write out words formed by affixation and comment on the types of affixes used (suffix, prefix, productive or non-productive, native, borrowed, etc).

  1. Disconnected – dis- - borrowed productive prefix; -ed – native productive suffix;

  2. outlandish – out- - productive native semi-affix; -ish - productive native suffix;

  3. fast-beating – -ing - productive native suffix.




  1. Find conversion in the text. Explain the difference in the meanings of converted pairs. Give your own version of converted pairs of the used words.

A need – to need

Noun: what someone wants to possess to have normal life

Verb: to want to have something, because without this thing nothing can done

A stream – to stream

noun: a natural flow of water

verb: to move in continuous direction

Pale – to pale

adjective: having color that is very white

verb: when someone becomes whiter than usual because of shock


  1. Write out compound words and define their types (coordinative, subordinative, motivated or motivated, etc.)

wide-spread – are subordinative motivated compounds


  1. Find shortenings, if there are any, comment on the type (abbreviations or clippings).

Tho’


  1. Find words formed by minor types of word-formation, such as blending, back formation, sound and stress interchange, etc.

sound interchange --------------- life – live; to breathe – breath

back formation ------------------ hazed is back derived from adjective hazy

There are not any words for stress interchange


  1. Write out 3 most polysemantic words, give their meanings and explain in which of their lexico-semantic variants it is used in the text.

Way

  1. Method;

2. Manner;

3. Direction/path;

and he continued his way…



4. Part of something that is true;

5. Time;

6. The space in front of you;

7. State;

8. Condition;

9. Fact;

10. Behavior;

11. Development;

12. Choices/possibilities.
Interest

1. Curiosity;

2. Activity;

have no other interest…



3. A quality or feature;

4. Money (bank rate);

5. Something advantageous one possesses;

6. Own shares in a company as a co-owner;

7. A group of people in a business that shares aims.
Stream

  1. Small river;

  2. Continuous series;

stream of thoughts…

3. Flow of water/air;

4. Start point of the work;

5. School.


  1. Find cases of metaphoric or metonymic transference of words, analyse the result of the semantic change.

Motherland – used metonymically: huge responsibility


  1. Write out synonyms from the text and indicate the difference between them (ideographic or stylistic synonyms; contextual synonyms, synonymic dominant).

to answer – to reply – to respond --------- ideographic synonyms;

tedious – boring ---------- stylistic synonyms;

enemy – contestant ------------contextual synonyms;

shoot – blast ---------- absolute synonyms.


  1. Write out antonyms from the text, give their classification (contraries, contradictories, root and derivational antonyms)

life – death --------------- contradictories

inside – outside ---------- contradictories

vivid – dark ---------- contraries


  1. Write out homonyms from the text, give their classification (homophones, homographs, grammatical and lexico-grammatical homonyms, paronyms, etc).

no – know ---- homophones


  1. Write out words belonging to other semantic and functional types such as neologisms, archaisms, nonce-words, euphemisms, borrowings, internationalisms, etc,

Tradition ------------ internationalism

Triumph ------------ borrowed from Latin

Batman ------------- archaism


  1. Write out set expressions from the text, give their classification (fusion, unities, collocations, idioms, etc.). Write out proverbs and sayings from the text, if any, and explain their function.

to have something on brain --------- collocation

to stand one’s ground ---------------- phraseme



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