Education is a complex and important process which the future not just of only one person but the whole nation depends on, hence, it is an important factor of the progress in modern world

Introduction

Education is a complex and important process which the future not just of only one person but the whole nation depends on, hence, it is an important factor of the progress in modern world. The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. M. Mirziyoyev in his speech on the 43 Opening Ceremony of the CFM of OIC, the topic of which was “Education and Enlightenment are the way to peace and creation” suggested by the First President of the Republic of Uzbekistan I. A. Karimov, said that enlightenment and education are the keys to prosperity of all folks; namely this two factors are leading people on their way to peace and harmony in the world.

Also the President mentioned in that speech that modern world is rapidly changing, and new dangers and challenges are appearing daily and threaten stable and steady development of people, and in such a time it is very important to pay attention to development of the youth endeavoring to knowledge and self-perfection. Understanding of this leads to the necessity of making complex provision for developing and betterment pf system of education and enlightenment, attaching youth to the most modern knowledge, upbringing all-side developed and harmonious individual¹.

The government pays great attention to the process of education on all stages: from pre-school till higher education, and many laws and resolutions are approved for its betterment. The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. M. Mirziyoyev in the annual message to the Parliament of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 24 January, 2020, announced 3 priorities of 2020 which are science, enlightenment and digital economy and presented the plan of betterment of educational system. For this he suggested to improve qualification of teachers, reorganize the system of professional education, enlarge amount of grants in university and create special grants for girls. Relatively to science, it is planned to work on fundamental and applied investigations in hard and natural sciences and provide scientists and teachers with probationary period in foreign countries².

Also the President signed the Resolution “About additional merits for betterment quality of education in higher institutions and providing active participation of youth in the complex reforms performed in the country”, where 3-year of educational process were established and changes related to teaching subjects were announced³. Complex changes are planned to perform in the educational system of the country to make it (the system) better and prepare specialists who will meet world standards of quality of knowledge.

All these changes affect the language too, as these are extra-linguistic factors directly connected with social life. Vocabulary of any language undergoes serious changes in order to meet the requirements of modern world, and this creates interest and subject of study for linguists. Linguistics is a study of a language: how it is put together and how it is functions. Various building blocks of different types and sizes are combined to make up a language: sounds form words, words create sentences and sentences compound texts. Phonetics deals with sounds, lexicology works with vocabulary units and syntax deals with sentences.

Lexicology (from Greek “lexis” – a word, “logos” – study) - a branch of linguistics; is the study of the grammatical structure of language. It is concerned with the various means of expressing grammatical relations between words and with the patterns after which words are combined into word-groups and sentences⁴. Vocabulary itself is represented with different units: morphemes, words, fusions, idioms, collocations and etc. Lexicology is subdivided into General and Special Lexicology. General lexicology deals with peculiarities of any language, while Specific works with the vocabulary of one exact language.

There are two principal approaches in linguistic science to the study of language material, which are the synchronic and the diachronic approach. They differ in the point from which they are studying a language. The synchronic approach is concerned with the vocabulary of a language as it exists at a given time. Descriptive Lexicology that deals with the vocabulary and vocabulary units of a particular language at a certain time. The diachronic approach deals with the changes and the development of vocabulary in the course of time. It is special Historical Lexicology that deals with the evolution of the vocabulary units of a language as time goes by⁵.

This course paper is concentrated on the study of “Lexical fields of English language” along with the analysis of the translation of “The Duel” written by Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin.