EdData II: Data for Education Research and Programming (derp) in Africa



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Toolkit Planning for Language Use in Education Global 08 2015

Sectionsummary. 
2.1 
Research on language, literacy, and learning
2.1.1 Summary of the research 
This section summarizes research and best practices regarding language acquisition and literacy 
development (in both L1 and an additional language). The overview is meant to anchor LOI 
planning in best practices and current research. The findings come from recent scholarly and 
practitioner literature.

L1 development. 
Learning to speak and understand a first language is a natural process 
that takes place in the child’s immediate home environment, and is enhanced when 
parents, family members, and others engage with children orally through songs, story-
telling, and conversation with their children, which builds their knowledge of sounds, 
vocabulary, and concepts.

Learning to read in an L1. 
Children 
learn to read and write, comprehend 
text, and access academic content more 
efficiently when instruction is in their 
L1.
 
This is because they bring to the 
learning process thousands of 
vocabulary words and knowledge of the 
grammar, syntax and sounds of the language(s) they speak at home (Nation, 2006; Nation 
& Wang, 1999). While the exact amount of time needed for children to become fluent 
readers in L1 varies depending on the properties of the language
Erskine, 2003; Van Ginkel, 2008), most children should be able to read in their L1 by the 
end of grade 2, particularly if the language is written in a transparent orthography (i.e., 
there is a one-to-one correspondence between letters and sounds).
Although children 
enter school with significant oral L1 skills, development of 
academic language
still 
requires time, and is a process that takes place continuously as children add to their 
language repertoire and learn new concepts at school.


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