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Результаты деятельности (rezul'taty dejatel'nosti; L.t.: the results of the activity);
Показатели деятельности (pokazateli dejatel'nosti; L.t.: indices of activity);
Деятельность (dejatel'nost'; L.t.: activity);
Результаты работы (rezul'taty raboty; L.t.: the results of work) (G20 OECD, 2016).
The first two equivalents were obtained by means of Descriptive Translation and can be considered to be functional synonyms. The term результаты деятельности is the direct equivalent for the term performance and appears consistently in the document:
“Принципы признают интересы наемных работников и иных заинтересованных лиц и их важный вклад в долгосрочный успех и результаты деятельности компании” (G20 OECD, 2016) (L.t.: the results of the activity of the company).
“The Principles recognise the interests of employees and other stakeholders and their important role in contributing to the long-term success and performance of the company” (G20 OECD, 2015).
The synonym показатели деятельности appears occasionally in the text. Its use can be explained by the strong influence of the contextual and semantic links between the words:
“Инфраструктура корпоративного управления должна разрабатываться с учетом ее воздействия на общие показатели экономической деятельности <…>” (G20 OECD, 2016) (L.t.: overall indices of economic activity);
“The corporate governance framework should be developed with a view
to its impact on overall economic performance <…>” (G20 OECD, 2015);
The possible equivalent общие результаты экономической деятельности* (obshhie rezul'taty jekonomicheskoj dejatel'nosti) can be used to maintain univocity of the term performance. Nevertheless, the term component “показатели” (indices) reveals the meaning of the term in this particular context precisely and accurately.
The term деятельность (activity) is the hypernym or generalized word for the concept and previously mentioned terms. Its use can be justified by the context:
“В дополнение к своим коммерческим целям компаниям предлагается раскрывать информацию о политике и деятельности, касающейся вопросов деловой этики”
<…> (G20 OECD, 2016). (L.t.: the activity relating to business ethics);
“In addition to their commercial objectives, companies are encouraged to disclose policies and performance relating to business ethics <…>” (G20 OECD, 2015).
Some synonyms can be used to avoid repetition, which, while essential in fiction, can lead to misunderstanding in scientific and technical literature. For example, in the following sentences the term performance is used twice, which explains why an occasional synonym was employed: результат работы (result of work):
“<…> ряд стран принял решение рекомендовать и даже обязать советы директоров проводить самооценку их деятельности, а также оценку результатов работы отдельных членов совета директоров, его председателя и главного
исполнительного директора” (G20 OECD,62)01 and also assessment of the results of work).
(L.t.: self-assessment of the activity,
“ <…> many countries have moved to recommend, or indeed mandate, self-assessment by boards of their performance as well as performance reviews of individual board members and the Chair and the CEO” (G20 OECD, 2015).
The instability of the term form результат работы (result of work) is proved by its use for the translation of another expression:
“The competitiveness and ultimate success of a corporation is the result of teamwork
<…>” (G20 OECD, 2016).
“Конкурентоспособность и итоговый успех корпорации являются результатом коллективной работы <…>” (G20 OECD, 2015).
Accordingly, translators could have trouble identifying the unit performance as a term. However, the term belongs to Management terminology. It is a fertile component of various terms, which also have unstable forms in Russian:
Performance indicator(s): показатель деятельности (UN-1) (pokazatel' dejatel'nosti);
индикатор выполнения (OECD-1) (indikator vypolnenija; L.t.: indicator of the
performance); показатели (эффективности) деятельности (IFC) (pokazateli (jeffektivnosti) dejatel'nosti; L.t.: the indicators of the (effectiveness) of activity);
Performance management: управление качеством (UN-1) (upravlenie kachestvom; L.t.: the management of the quality);
Performance measurement: оценка достижений (UN-1) (ocenka dostizhenij; L.t.: the assessment of achievements); оценка выполнения (OECD-1) (ocenka vypolnenija; L.t.: the assessment of the fulfillment);
Performance monitoring: мониторинг выполнения (OECD-1) (monitoring vypolnenija; L.t.: fulfillment monitoring);
Final performance report: окончательный отчёт (UNTERM) (okonchatel'nyj otchjot; L.t.: final report);
Performance-(related) pay: оплата в зависимости от результатов труда (UN-1) (oplata v zavisimosti ot rezul'tatov truda; L.t.: the payment depending on the results of work); вознаграждение с учетом результатов работы (UNTERM) (voznagrazhdenie s uchetom rezul'tatov raboty; L.t.: remuneration with an account of the results of work); нефиксированная часть дохода (Ruscorpora) (nefiksirovannaja chast' dohoda; L.t. a non-fixed part of an income); оплата за конечные результаты труда (Ruscorpora) (oplata za konechnye rezul'taty truda; L.t.: a payment for the final results of work) etc.
Risk-adjusted performance measurement (RAPM): оценка деятельности, скорректированная по степени риска (IFC) (ocenka dejatel'nosti, skorrektirovannaja po stepeni riska; L.t.: the assessment of activity adjusted according to the risk level); результаты (хозяйственной) деятельности с учётом (факторов) риска (Academic) (rezul'taty (hozjajstvennoj) dejatel'nosti s uchjotom (faktorov) riska; L.t.: the results of (economic) activity taking into account the (factors of) risk).
Accordingly, the term performance has an unfixed form in Russian, which can be explained by the high level of flexibility of the language in certain collocations and the compatibility of words. It is interesting to note that the use of the term managerial performance can vary in the same context (OECD):
“Наряду с управлением корпоративной стратегией совет директоров, прежде всего, отвечает за мониторинг результатов управленческой деятельности <…>” (G20 OECD, 2016). (L.t.: monitoring of the results of managerial activity);
“Together with guiding corporate strategy, the board is chiefly responsible for
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