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Muhammad Amin Khan Minaret
As it is known the construction of minarets was associated with the spread of Islamic religion in the region. Minarets were definitely built around every mosque or madrasah and were used to appeal Muslims to commit prayers from their top. Later on they also started being built as decoration of the city and demonstration of force and power of the rulers. That’s why ancient sites of eastern cities can not be imagined without minarets. If from the chain of dozens of world renowned architectural constructions of Khiva you remove the minarets, the appearance of the city would be poor and ordinary-looking. According to historical sources, close to every mosque and madrasah there towered a minaret. One of the most famous minarets in Khiva is unfinished minaret Mohammed Aminkhan.
The shape of the minaret is a truncated cone, which, although in an incomplete state looks really impressive. If we proceed from the dynamic constriction of the minaret, after the completion of its height having reached about 70 - 80 meters, he was supposed to be the biggest and tallest minaret in Central Asia. If you watch the insolation (refraction of rays falling onto the majolica surface of minaret) of the sunlight falling on the minaret, we can see that color of the majolica does not change. Normally sunbeam affecting the any object changes its color, that is, the initial color of the object turns white or becomes less lush. However, on the minaret you cannot notice it. Despite the fact that it has been quite some time since its construction the minaret looks like newly built. In architecture blue, green, dark blue colors are characterized as "cold tones". Although here majorly white coloring is applied it looks as if it is decorated with the "warm" colors. In majolica red tones are used, but it is almost imperceptible for the eye. Here the integrity and color harmony is preserved. In the decoration of the minaret geometrical patterns (girikh) were applied generally in a large number. To the top of the minaret staircase leads from the level of the second floor, i.e. you can climb the minaret by a spiraling wooden stairs leading to the top. These stairs were restored from time to time. Minaret construction was started in 1853 by Mohammad Amin Khan and in 1855 after the murder of the Khan during a military campaign to Northern Iran and enthronement of Abdulla khan the construction works were suspended.
Missing on majolica inscriptions in Arabic font in Farsi fallen away over time from the top of the minaret were restored in 1997, on the eve of 2500 anniversary of Khiva. Restoration of these inscriptions on majolica was made by the masters restorers of Hayot joint-stock company. Inscriptions in Farsi with the verses of Agehi have been restored to its original form. Restoration of letters on majolica was realized by the master restorer of the majolica art Rustam Takhirov. The content of the text is roughly as follows: "The tall minaret bringing delight to the human soul has been erected. The eyes of the heaven have not yet have seen alike. Its fame reached the Emirs of the earth. Its sides are deprived of fault and flaws. If to behold them with justice eyes, a cypress tree before it will look like a straw. It is better than Tubo tree delights the hearts. Its beautiful look has changed the face of the earth and the heavens like the paradise. It has become such a pillar of heaven that the mind can not understand it. In this regard, Agehi wrote a year of its construction "Infinite pillar of the heavens" built in the year of Hijra 1271 (1855)".
About construction of minarets Mullah Haji Alim Makhdoom in his work "History of Turkistan" writes the following: "After the completion of construction of the madrasah at the behest of the Khan a decree was issued on the construction of the highest minaret next to the madrasah. In the course of construction of the minaret (1855), Muhammad Amin Khan made marches to Iran and died as a martyr (shahid), as a result the minaret, which he started to build, remained unfinished. In fact, the real story of the event is as follows: Muhammad Amin Khan in 1271Hijra, in the second day of the week, Dushanba, (now considered to be Monday) of the month of Jumad ul Okhir was killed at the place Qanlitepa which was under the subjugation of Serakhs. But that deed of Turkmens did not come to their liking of Nasriddinshah. Because the ruler of Hivak and the son of the Khan of Khorezm beginning with his parents and grandparents, like the Shah of Iran, faithfully served to Allah and observed the foundations of the Master Mawlavi Hanif Ahmadiya, for the benefit of the Prophet Muhammad, and he with no long delay issued the Shah`s Decree to build in Tehran near the central State gate the mausoleum with a high dome where along with the head of the Khan were buried all his belongings and stuff, were made ritual prayers from the Koran and to appease his spirit donations were given to the poor and disadvantaged.
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