Convenience

communication
network
The pattern through
which the members
of a group
communicate
368
Part 4:
Leading
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with only one other person. This path is closed in the circle pattern. Finally, the all-
channel network, the most decentralized, allows a free flow of information among all
group members. Everyone participates equally, and the group’s leader, if there is one, is
not likely to have excessive power.
Research conducted on networks suggests some interesting connections between the
type of network and group performance. For example, when the group’s task is relatively
simple and routine, centralized networks tend to perform with greatest efficiency and
accuracy. The dominant leader facilitates performance by coordinating the flow of infor-
mation. When a group of accounting clerks is logging incoming invoices and distributing
them for payment, for example, one centralized leader can coordinate things efficiently.
When the task is complex and nonroutine, such as making a major decision about organi-
zational strategy, decentralized networks tend to be most effective because open channels
of communication permit more interaction and a more efficient sharing of relevant infor-
mation. Managers should recognize the effects of communication networks on group and
organizational performance and should try to structure networks appropriately.