Convenience



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Fundamentals-of-Management-8th-Edition-Ricky-Griffin-978-1285849041

F I G U R E 1 2 . 5
Common Grapevine Chains Found in Organizations
The two most common grapevine chains in organizations are the gossip chain (in which one person
communicates messages to many others) and the cluster chain (in which many people pass messages to
a few others).
Source: Based on Keith Davis and John W. Newstrom,
Human Behavior at Work: Organizational Behavior
,
8th ed., 1989. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
376
Part 4:
Leading
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ill-informed or contain incorrect information. Most experts today suggest that firms
develop a social media strategy, although many businesses have not yet done this.
Management by Wandering Around
Another increasingly popular form of informal communication is called, interestingly
enough,
management by wandering around
.
25
The basic idea is that some managers
keep in touch with what is going on by wandering around and talking with people—
immediate subordinates, subordinates far down the organizational hierarchy, delivery
people, customers, or anyone else who is involved with the company in some way. Bill
Marriott, for example, frequently visits the kitchens, loading docks, and custodial work
areas whenever he tours a Marriott hotel. He claims that, by talking with employees
throughout the hotel, he gets new ideas and has a better feel for the entire company.
And, when United Airlines CEO Jeff Smisek travels, he makes a point of talking to flight
attendants and other passengers to gain continuous insights into how the business can be
run more effectively.
A related form of organizational communication that really has no specific term is the
informal interchange that takes place outside the normal work setting. Employees attend-
ing the company picnic, playing on the company softball team, or taking fishing trips
together will almost always spend part of their time talking about work. For example,
Texas Instruments (TI) engineers at TI’s Lewisville, Texas, facility often frequent a local
bar in town after work. On any given evening, they talk about the Dallas Cowboys, the
newest government contract received by the company, the weather, their boss, the
company’s stock price, local politics, and problems at work. There is no set agenda, and
the key topics of discussion vary from group to group and from day to day. Still, the
social gatherings serve an important role. They promote a strong culture and enhance
understanding of how the organization works.

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