Contents: 1 introdiction 2

2.2 Another characteristic of literary realism is objectivism.

The author often tries to maintain a tone that will be experienced as objective. The author presents himself or herself as an objective observer , similar to a scientist taking note of what he or she sees . Of course , no human being can ever be truly objective, but by detaching the narrator from the story he or she tells an author can achieve objectivity . Also an author will sometimes achieve detachment by creating nameless characters [ Strictly speaking this is more common among modernists such as Ernest Hemingway] .This puts the focus more on the plot and what happens to the character, rather than the characters themselves.

2.3 Another characteristic is pessimism.

Very often , one or more characters will continue to repeat one line or phrase that tends to have a pessimistic connotation sometimes emphasizing the inevitability of death. Realistic works often include uncouth or sordid subject ,matter, for example, Emile Zola ‘s works had a frankness about a long with a pervasive pessimism. Realistic works exposed the dark harshness of life, including poverty, racism ,prejudice . disease , prostitution, and filth.

Another common characteristic is a surprising twist at the and of the story.

Equally , there tends to be in naturalist novels and stories a strong sensethat nature is indifferent to human struggle. Anita Duneer Rhode Island College American Literary Realism’s Postcolonial Descendants My idea is to sketch out some of the shared concerns of classic naturalists and postcolonial writers, beginning with Achy Obejas’s Ruins 2009 as an exemplary stylistic and thematic descendant .Then I’ll turn to other postcolonial novels that reflect naturalist concerns or tropes , even while they diverge in significant ways from our expectations of a naturalist aesthetic .Some possibilities are: AravindAdiga’s The White Tiger 2008 influenced by Richard Wright and Ralph Ellison , with a witty use of Darwinian, Marxist, and Freudian constructs, human animals hierarchically positioned as predators and a central theme of American entrepreneurship and neocolonial cultural and economic hegemony .Indra Sinha’s Animal’s People 2009 set in the aftermath of the 1984 Bhopal Union Carbide explosion . The. main character ,whose spine was damaged in the disaster, walks on all fours and answers to the name [ Animal ] Wealthy American bureaucrats that serve the interests of the [Kampani] are implicated in both the disaster and the cover up .Animal’s [People] postcolonial subalterns in the poisoned ruins of the factory, are the human collateral of corporate greed The first person narration of both of these novels while not a style typical of American literary realism, nevertheless presents characters with limited understanding of the larger global forces that shape and control their lives .Yet both protagonists , to some degree ,break doubleness as in the trope of the divided self in literary realism. AbdelrahmanMunif’s cities of salt 1987 an epic about American colonization set in the 1930s .The image I’m most interested in is the destruction of a Bedouin oasis, with imagery that evokes the tractors tearing up the land in The Grapes Of Wrath .The American /Arab oil corporations are presented every bit as monstrous as the banks in Grapes and the railroad in The Octopus .My broad plan is to present an outline of shared thematic, stylistic, and social concerns, along with questions for audience participation.