Conduct of modern science– 2016 • Díl 1

Science without borders - 2020 ★ Volume 14
this double word game is partially compensated by some translators - Dryannalleya, 
Diagon Alley, Remen Lane. [5,p.127]
The translation is equivalent to puns. The content and / or form of a pun is quite 
difficult to achieve accurate translation.
The most difficult to overcome are puns, existing language tools that are absent 
in other languages.
When translating puns, translators most often use methods of payments, 
omissions and tracing.
When using the compensation method, the non-transferable element of a 
foreign language is replaced with an identical element or some other element that can 
compensate for the lacunae that have arisen and make a similar impression on the 
reader. With full compensation, the re-creation of a pun occurs at a different place of 
translation in relation to this technique in the original. This most fully ensures the 
adequacy of the translation.
In case of partial compensation, the transfer is made on the spot of the original 
element not transferred and only partially compensates for the loss. Rhyme, alliteration 
is accompanied by partial compensation. Graphic tools, such as font and capital letters, 
are used to draw readers' attention to the content and contribute to the selection of puns 
against the background of the main text. Most often, graphic enhancement is used in 
children's works.
Another difficult but solvable task for translators is the adequate transmission 
of “talking” names. Speaking names and nicknames are sometimes the highlight of the 
whole work, because they often contain a distinctive feature associated with the 
lifestyle, character or image of the hero.
The loss of such an integral link, of course, will affect the course of the entire 
narrative, - when the name or nickname of the character is connected with the events, 
but remains undisclosed to the reader. Another way to transfer is tracing. So 
Akhmatova defines: “tracing is the construction of lexical units on the model of the 
corresponding words of a foreign language by accurately translating their significant 
parts or borrowing individual meanings of words” [1,p.69]. Tracing is different from 
literalism. When translating a pun, his main stylistic goal — creating a comic effect 
and focusing the reader’s attention on a certain point — should receive a full-fledged
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