Chapter II literature review a. Translating Event Names

B.
 
Translating Techniques of Proper Names (Event Names) 
Since translating event names should be proper, a translator should consider 
and choose appropriate strategies to solve the problem and to produce the best 
translation in translating the event names as a type of proper names. Fernandes 
(2006:50-55) proposes procedures in translating proper names. The procedures are 
used to analyze the equivalence between SL and TL as follows: 
1.
Rendition 
Rendition is a technique to translate the name directly from SL into TL. 
ST: The Great Awakening 
TT: 
Kebangkitan Besar 
2.
Copy 
This technique, the names are reproduced in the translated text exactly as they 
appear in the source text without suffering any sort of orthographic 
adjustment.
ST: Guadalcanal 
TT: 
Guadalcanal 
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3.
Transcription 
Transcription is a technique in which a name is transcribed in the equivalent 
characters of the TL. In order to keep the readability of the TT, some other 
changes such as addition or shift in the position of the letters may occur. 
ST: Table 
TT: 
Tabel 
ST: American
TT: 
Amerika 
4.
Phonological Replacement 
Phonological Replacement oocurs when the phonological features of the 
original name are imitated in the TL. In other words, a TL name, which has a 
similar sound to the SL name, replaces the original name. 
ST: Marry 
TT: 
Meri 
ST: Monica 
TT: 
Munika 
ST: American 
TT: 
Ameriken
ST: Boom boom 
TT: 
Bum-bum 
ST: Bang-bang 
TT: 
Beng-beng
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5.
Recreation 
The technique consists of recreating an invented name in the SL text into the 
TL text, thus trying to reproduce similar effects of this newly-created referent 
in another target cultural setting. Recreation differs from substitution in the 
sense that in recreation the lexical item does not exist in the SL or in the TL. 
ST: Olive 
TT: 
Olivia 
ST: Bernard 
TT: 
Bernardo (Latino
) 
TT: 
Bernardus (Indonesia)
6.
Substitution 
The technique, a formally and/or semantically unrelated name is a substitute in 
the target text for any existent name in the source text. In other words, the TL 
name and the SL name exist in their respective referential worlds, but are not 
related to each other in terms of form and/or semantic significance. 
ST: Donald Duck 
TT: 
Jaka Bebek
ST: Jack 
TT: 
Jaka
7.
Deletion 
Fernandes considered this technique as rather a drastic way of dealing with 
lexical items, but even so it has been often used by translators.
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ST: The Great Rail Strike of 
1877 
TT: 
Pemogokan Besar Buruh Kereta 
8.
Addition 
This is a technique in which extra information is added to the original name, 
making it more comprehensible or maybe more appealing to its target 
audience. Sometimes it is used to solve ambiguities that might exist in the 
translation of a particular name. 
ST: “Trails of Tears” 
TT: 
“Trails of Tears” (Jejak Air Mata)
9.
Transposition 
Transposition is defined as the replacement of one word class with another 
without changing the meaning of the original message.
ST: The Great Rail