Chapter hvac engineering Fundamentals: Part 1 Introduction



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Bog'liq
HVAC HANDBOOK

288
Chapter Nine
Figure 9.1
Mechanical two-phase refrigeration cycle.
frigeration utilizes thermocouples working in reverse: When an elec-
tric current is impressed on a thermocouple, a cooling effect is ob-
tained. These are small systems for specialized applications and are
comparatively expensive to install and operate.
9.2.1
The mechanical two-phase vapor
compression refrigeration cycle
The most common cooling source in HVAC is mechanical two-phase
vapor compression refrigeration. In this cycle (Fig. 9.1), a compressor
is used to raise the pressure of a refrigerant gas. Work energy (
Q
W
) is
required, usually provided by an electric motor or steam turbine or
fuel-fired engine. The compression process raises the temperature of
the gas. The high-pressure gas flows through piping to a condenser
where heat is removed by transfer to a heat sink, usually water or air.
The refrigerant is selected with properties which allow it to condense
(liquefy) at the temperature and pressure in the condenser. The high-
pressure liquid is passed through a pressure-reducing device to the
evaporator. At the lower pressure, the liquid tends to evaporate, re-
moving the heat of vaporization (
Q
C
) from its surroundings (the
Equipment: Part 1
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